Kidney: Anatomy/ Congenital Disorders/ Acquired Cystic Disease Flashcards
“fenestrated epithelial cells”
podocytes
“modified smooth muscle cells”
mesangial cells
What molecules make up the GBM?
Type IV collagen and GAGs
What cells are important in glomerular inflammation and thrombosis?
Glomerular epithelial cells
Where are podocytes located?
rest on the outer aspect of the GMB
What are foot processes?
cytoplasmic projections from podocytes onto the lamina rara externa of the GMB
What are the functions of the mesangium?
5 functions
1- mechanical support
2- endocytosis and processing of plasma protein
3- maintenance of GMB and matrix
4- modulation of glomerular filtration
5- generation of molecular mediators
What comprises the JG apparatus?
Macula densa, mesangial cells, terminal afferent and proximal efferent arterioles
What do cortical interstitial cells secrete?
EPO
“insufficient amniotic fluid, compressed fetus, low ears, small chin, beak node, pilmonary hypoplasia”
Potter sequence
“complete absence of renal tissue”
renal agenesis
Difference between unilateral and bilateral renal agenesis?
unilateral–> asymptomatic and existing kidney undergoes hypertrophy
bilateral–> still born, link with potter sequence
Unilateral renal agenesis is at increased risk for….
Progressive glomerular sclerosis
“few than 6 renal lobes”
Renal hypoplasia
“enlargement of renal lobules when there are too few lobules”
Oligomeganephronia