Kidney: Acute Renal Failure

Question 1

What is the hallmark of ARF?

Answer 1

Azotemia

Question 2

What lab values indicate azotemia?

Answer 2

Inc BUN and Cr

Question 3

Cause of prerenal azotemia?

Answer 3

decreased blood flow to the kidneys

Question 4

BUN: Cr ratio in prerenal azotemia?

Answer 4

> 15

Question 5

FeNa in prerenal azotemia?

Answer 5

<1%

Question 6

What causes postrenal azotemia?

Answer 6

obstruction of urinary tract downstream from the kidney

Question 7

BUN: Cr ratio in postrenal azotemia?

Answer 7

> 15 early

<15 late (due to tubular damage)

Question 8

FeNa in postrenal azotemia?

Answer 8

2% late

Question 9

“injury and necrosis of tubular epithelial cells”

Answer 9

Acute Tubular Necrosis

Question 10

What is the MOST common cause of intrarenal acute renal failure?

Answer 10

Acute Tubular Necrosis

Question 11

What can cause ATN?

Answer 11

Ischemic or nephrotoxic

Question 12

What is a diagnostic finding in ATN?

Answer 12

Brown granular casts

Question 13

BUN: Cr in ATN?

Answer 13

<15

Question 14

FeNa found in ATN?

Answer 14

> 2%

Question 15

What segment of tubules are particilary sensitive?

Answer 15

PT and TaL