Patho electrolytes and diseases Flashcards
distinguish between extracellular and intracelluar fluid compartments in terms of water + electrolytes
understand critical components of fluid shift—-tonicity and osmolality
understand neurohumoral responses to maintain water balance
discuss clinical presentation of both hypovolemia and hypervolemia
total body weight of water in:
- males
- females
- infants
males=60
females=50
infants=75-90
what is 2/3 of total body water
ICF
what is 1/3 of total body water
ECF
what is inside ECF
plasma and interstitial fluid
plasma components
WBC and platelets and flotting factors
serum?
=plasma-clotting factors
main ECF electrolyte and ICF electrolyte
ECF= NA+ ICF= K+
CA2+ mainly found ECF or ICF
ECF
Cl- found mainly ECF or ICF
ECF
what has the most impact on serum osmolarity?
Na+
because water follows salt
define osmolarity
-water moves from ____ to ____ areas of osmolarity
osmotic [ ] of a solution expressed as total number of solute particles/Liter of fluid—- h20 moves from areas of low to high osmolarity
–>osmolarity in plasma (ECF) is too high— water moves from inside the cell to the plasma to lower osmolarity— this shrinks cell
what happens to water movement when:
1) plasma osmolarity too high ?
2) serum osmolarity too low
1) AKA too many solutes in the plasma— so water leaves the cell and moves OUT— causng cell to shrink
2) AKA inside the cell is too much solute– so water moves INTO cell—causing it to swell
define osmolality
estimate of [ ] of dissolved particles (Na**, glucose, urea, Cl, K) in the plasma relative to plasma water—> osmoles of solute/kg solvent
what is normal serum osmolality
280-295 mOsmol/kg
what dictates the transfer of water through membranes
osmolality
define tonicity
[ ] of particular solutes that causes a shift b/w compartments
free water movement depends on?
tonicity
what are effective soluts
glucose and urea
ECF is determined primarily by?
total amount of osmotically active particles (NA) relative to water in the ECF
osmotic gradient is required for?
water to move b/w ICF and ECF