ID: buzzwords Flashcards
funeral service industry
M. tuberculosis
clindamycin use
C. Diff
raw or undercooked meats
E. coli
unpasteurized milk
Listeria monocytogenes
visiting the zoo, random wildlife encounters or even pets at home
lyme
Cat bites
Bartonella henselae
turtles/reptiles/salamanders
salmonella
rabbits
Tularemia
hiking/swimming in lake/drinking river water
Giardia
no spleen makes PT susceptible to?
encapsulated organisms–Pneumococci
incr in lymphocytes
viral infection
incr in polymorphonuclear neutrophils + incr bands
bacterial infection
recent cephalosporin or fluoroquinolone use
MRSA infection
pustules on an erythematous base
MRSA
abscess formation
CA-MRSA
boil or pimple type lesion
or
“spider bite” lesion
MRSA
neonate with a fever of 100.4 F or higher
needs a full sepsis work up–blood culture, urine cultures, UA, CBC, LP
sandpaper texture diffuse rash
scarlet fever
rash starting in the neck/upper trunk and groin— spreads to trunk and extremities sparing the palms and soles
scarlet fever
pastia’s lines
scarlet fever
*accentuation of the rash in skinfolds
strawberry tongue
scarlet fever
friable grayish-white mucous film in oropharynx
Diphtheria
gram+ rod
ST-T wave changes
diphtheria
gram+ rod
recent strep infection
scarlet fever
bull neck
diphtheria
gram stain shows gram+ rods with blue and red metachromatic granules
diphtheria
exposure to dirty nail or metal
tetanus
stiff jaw aka trismuss
tetanus
neurotoxin
Clostridium Botulinum
Clostridium Tetani
canned
smoked
vacuum packed foods
botulism–adult
ingestion of honey
infant botulism
floppy baby
infant botulism
baby has weak cry
infant botulism
crepitus on palpation
gas gangrene
rice water stool
cholera
vibrio cholerae
oysters
shellfish
shrimps
vibrio cholerae
erythema migrans
lyme dz—early localized
Bulls eye or target rash
AV node block
lyme dz
rash that starts on palms, soles, wrists and ankles then moves inwards towards trunk
RMSF
second most common bacterial STI
gonorrhea
Perihepatitis– also called Fitz-Hugh-Curtis Syndrome
Gonorrhea in women
young sexual active male with knee pain
septic arthritis secondary to gonococcal infection
newborn with purulent conjunctivitis
Ophthalmia neonatorum
Gonococcal infection aquired from mom
gram stain shows: gram negative intracellular diplococci
gonorrhea
painless ulcer
primary syphilis
or
Lymphogranuloma Venereum (LGV)
Tabes Dorsalis
tertiary syphilis
Gumma
tertiary syphilis
Argyl Roberston pupils
tertiary syphilis
dark field microscopy
treponema pallidum
maculopapular rash MC on palms and soles of feet
secondary syphilis
MC bacterial cause of STIs in US
Chlamydia trachomatis
parrots
Chlamydia psittaci
Most prevalent nonviral sexually transmitted infection in US
Trichomoniasis
leading cause of infertility in females in US?
chlamydia
strawberry cervix
Trich
malodorous yellow/green vaginal discharge
trich
Hutchinson teeth
congenital syphilis
*late >20YO
saber shins
congenital syphilis
*late >20YO
microcephaly
Zika virus
grouped vesicles on an erythematous base
HSV
rash starts on the face–>trunk–>extremities
chicken pox
dew drops on a rose petal
chicken pox
maculopapules, vesicles, and scabs in various stages of evolution
chicken pox
unilateral rash within a single dermatome—does not cross the midline
shingles
hutchinson sign
shingles –concerned for eye involvement
lab work shows downey cells
EBV– infectious mono
lab work shows atypical lymphocytes
EBV– infectious mono
MC congenital viral infection
CMV
important cause of blindness in AIDS?
CMV reactivation
heterophile antibody +
EBV –HHV 4
Heterophile antibody negative
CMV– HHV-5
pathology: intracellular inclusions surrounded by a clear halo
CMV
“owl eye cells”
CMV
slapped cheek rash
fifths dz— Erythema infectiosum–
reticular lace-like pattern rash
fifths dz— Erythema infectiosum–
only viral exanthem that starts on the trunk?
Roseola Infantum– from HHV 6
most highly contagious directly transmitted virus?
paramyxovirus—measles (rubeola)
koplik spot
Measles/Rubeola
bluish grey grain of salt with red halo in the mouth on buccal mucosa
measles/ rubeola
Petechia on the soft palate
Rubella.. german measles
Forcheimer spots
Rubella.. german measles
parotid gland swelling + pain
mumps
labs show incr amylase
mumps
MCC of infectious pancreatitis in kids
mumps
hydrophobia
rabies
negri bodies in brain
rabies
condylomata acuminata
HPV serotypes 6, 11, 16, 18
condyloma lata
secondary syphilis
condyloma
general term for infection of the genitals
eosinophilia
helminth infection
more speciically: roundworm and hookworm
fever + sweats + periodic chills every 3 days
malaria
splenomegaly
malaria
ingestion of raw or undercooked PORK or BEEF
Tapeworm (taeniasis)
Trichinosis
cat + pregnant lady
toxoplasmosis
MC CNS infection in AIDS pt no receiving appropriate prophylaxis or not on HAART?
Toxoplasmosis
Giemsa-stain— crescent shaped trophozoites
toxoplsamosis
leading cause of blindness in children
congential toxoplasmosis
cutaneous larva migrans
Hookworm species
walking barefoot in soil
cutaneous larva migrans
increasd IgE + anemia
hookworm infection
Bird and bat feces
Histoplasma
Mississippi and ohio river valley
histoplasma
states east of the mississippi
Blastomyces
pigeon feces
cryptococcus
Lab would show: Yeast commonly seen with monocytes and macrophages in significant numbers
histoplasmsma capsulatum
*india ink test– black background with clear halos around organism
cryptococcus
foamy soap bubble or honeycomb in biopsy
PCP pneumonia
valley fever
coccidioidomycosis
list the viral pathogens causing pneumonia
- RSV and parainfluenza–MC viral cause in kids
- Influenza virus–MCC in adults
- CMV–MCC immunocomp
- Varicella zoster–>can be severe in adults
list the fungal parasites that can cause pneumonia
- Pneumocyctis jirovecii–HIV or immunocomp
2. Histoplasma capsulatum–mississippi and ohio river valley—bat droppings–caves
IV catheters, indwelling things such as foley catheters
candida albicans
armadillo
hansens dz/leprosy
loss of eyebrows and eyelashes
Lepromatous leprosy
leading cause of infectious disease related death worldwide
TB
-heterophile test and >10% lymphocytes
CMV
positive heterophile test and >10% lymphocytes
EBV
