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Nutrition 1 exam > Past qs 4 > Flashcards

Past qs 4 Flashcards

1
Q

For nutrition in ruminants, we divide the energy into 3 groups. What are they?

A

NEm NEl NEg

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2
Q

What is the meaning of PER?

A

Protein Efficiency Requirement ! weight gain of a test subject divided by its intake of a
particular food protein during the test period

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3
Q

In Hungary, protein requirement is given in CP for which animals?

A

CP - Birds

CP or DCP - Dogs, Cats

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4
Q

How is MP value calculated?

A

MP = MPE + MPN

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5
Q

When do we need zero N retention?

A

Adult bird - N intake = N output ! 0 N retention

Young/Growing bird - N intake > N output ! + N balance

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6
Q

Is N positive or negative in young animals?

A

Its positive!

Adult bird - N intake = N output ! 0 N retention
Young/Growing bird - N intake > N output - + N balance

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7
Q

What are pro-biotics made of?

A

Bacteria (mostly Lactobacilli), Fungi (yeast culutres)

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8
Q

Which 2 functions does adipose tissue have?

A

Storage and endocrine

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9
Q

What are the bacteria in the rumen protected by?

A

Competitive exclusion

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10
Q

What are repartitioning compounds?

A

β2-agonists - Increase proteins, decrease fat

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11
Q

What does Energy Density express?

A

How much energy there is in a feedstuff, related to its food unit

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12
Q

What mechanisms are responsible for short-term regulation of body composition?

A

The short-term regulation of feed intake (qualitative) is Homeostatic. Is controlled by
chemical factors such as blood glucose, feed, temperature, and physical factors such as
stomach capacity and food bulkiness.

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13
Q

What is NSP?

A

Non-Starch Polysaccharides -> e.g. Peas, beans. Roughage, dietary fibre.
Fermented in the caecum with gas productions

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14
Q

What is UDP?

A

Un-Digested Protein -> By-pass proteins. Proteins, which pass through the rumen without being digested

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15
Q

How would you determine Nutrient Digestibility by a total collection method?

A

Amount of feed intake during a 24-hour period + Collection of faeces
(Intake – Output) / Intake

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16
Q

Name an indicator in faeces:

A

Mn, Cr2O3, Fe2O3, SiO2, Lignin (indigestible substances)

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17
Q

Organic matter = ?

A

DM – Ash

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18
Q

What is the combustion energy of uric acid?

A

34.4 KJ/g

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19
Q

What can one calculate with the content of urine?

A 
ME = GE – Faecal – Urine – Gas
NE = GE – Faecal – Urine – Gas – Heat loss
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20
Q

Why is it forbidden to use STH as a growth factor?

A

Long-term fat mobilization

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21
Q

What is the buffer capacity in milk, egg shell, and bone?

A

Egg shell and bone have the same buffer capacity. Milk has none.

22
Q

What is metabiosis?

A

Metabiosis -> a relationship between 2 species where one is dependent upon the other for
survival -> Commensalism

23
Q

What is disbisois?

A

Disbiosis -> A condition where the typical distribution of microbes in the body is disturbed ->
Microbial imbalance

24
Q

What is the substitution number?

A

Substitution number -> The decrement of forage DM intake (kg) when 1kg DM of concentrate
is offered.

25
Q

How can bacterial prevention be done?

A

Drastic barrier -> Complete exclusion of exogenous microbes

Permissive barrier -> Limiting possibilities of bacteria to multiply

26
Q

How can energy metabolism be measured?

A 
Direct calorimeter (bio-calorimeter)
Indirect calorimeter
27
Q

What is the acid number?

A

Acid Number -> The mass of KOH (in mg) required to neutralize 1g of chemical substance. It
is a measure of rancidity of fat.

28
Q

What is the peroxide value?

A

Peroxide Value -> Of an oil or fat. Measure of fat rancidity

It is the amount of peroxide oxygen per 1kg of fat. The peroxide can be titrated with Na-thiosulfate.

29
Q

What is the water content of muscles?

A

70-80%

30
Q

With which method do you measure body composition and water compartments?

A

Dilution method

31
Q

What is meant by water vegetation?

A

Water Vegetation -> The amount of water in food

32
Q

What is UFP?

A

Urea Fermentable Potential

33
Q

How can you measure CF?

A

Boil sample in H2SO4, neutralize with distilled water, boil again in NaOH, filter, wash, dry, and
measure CF
Hence acid AND base used!

34
Q

Which of the following statements regarding aging is true?

A

Aging is associated with increased susceptibility and decreased capacity to resist or repair injury

35
Q

In the short term, weighing patients frequently is most useful in evaluating the status of:

A

Water

36
Q

A body condition score of 5 of 5 BCS system indicates:

A

Obesity

37
Q

The protein requirements of old dogs:

A

Must be individualized

38
Q

Tables created according to the New Protein Evaluation System for Ruminants express the protein content of the feeds in the form of:

A

Both of them (A+B)

MPN, MPE

39
Q

The optimum Nitrogen : Sulfur ratio in Dairy Cow diets is:

A

10:1

40
Q

They are storage Fungi:

A

Aspergillus genus

41
Q

Body Condition Score (BCS) is:

A

An estimation of the fat cover of the body and an indicator of body energy reserves or the lack of them

42
Q

The Energy Density expresses how many:

A

Net Energy is in the feedstuff related to 1 Fulfillment Unit (NE/UE)

43
Q

Biological Value (BV) index is:

A

The proportion of absorbed nitrogen that is retained

44
Q 
Its determination is made by direct chemical analysis:
A. Organic matter
B. NFE
C. Both
D. Neither of them
A

Neither of them

Neither organic matter nor N-free extract

45
Q

NDF minus ADF equal to…

A

Hemicellulose
Hemicellulose = NDF – ADF
Cellulose = ADF – Lignin

46
Q

It is chemically determined according to its nitrogen content:

A

Crude protein

47
Q

They belong to the group of nutraceuticals:

A

Organic acids
(Nutraceuticals is a broad umbrella term that is used to describe any product derived from food sources with extra health benefits in addition to the basic nutritional value found in foods)

48
Q 
Which of the following measurements provides a definitive statement on nutritional health?
A. History and diet assessement
B. Physical examination
C. Clinical chemistry
D. None af the above alone
A

D.None of the above alone

49
Q

Ration of Beef Cattle can be supplemented by urea when:

A

Both of them (A+B)

The UFP is positive. The rumen protein balance is negative.

50
Q

PSE muscle by VESD in living animal is present in:

A

Growing-Fattening pig

Nutrition 1 exam (18 decks)

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