papillomaviruses, poxi, & asfarvius Flashcards
what are two different types of orthopoxviruse?
camelpox
monkeypox
what are two examples of capripoxviruses?
sheep/goat pox
lumpy skin disease
what is an example of leporipoxvirus?
rabbit myxoma virus
what is the size of poxvirus?
largest virus >200nm
how does poxvirus enter and infect to the host?
intermediate gene expression and DNA replication in the cytoplasm
what are the clinical signs of poxvirus?
skin lesions (vesicles and scabbing)
how does poxviruses evade the immune system?
stealth and mimicry
when there is a cow with oronasal lesions what is an important differential to have?
FMD
where is bovine papular stomatitis found?
worldwide distribution
is bovine papular stomatitis zoonotic?
yes
where is off/contaagious ecthyma found?
worldwide distribution
is orf /contagious ecthyma zoonotic?
yes
are bovine papular stomatitis and contagious ecthyma a foreign animal disease (FAD)?
no
what species does myxomatosis target?
rabbits (European)
is myxomatosis a foreign animal disease?
yes
is lumpy skin disease a foreign animal disease?
yes
what tissue does lumpy skin disease affect?
endothelial cell damage
what tissue does sheep/goatpox virus infect?
dermal/pulmonary lesions
is sheep/goatpox a foreign animal disease?
yes
what does tissue does camel pox infect and what specific type of camel
old world camels
dermal/resp tract lesions
is camelpox a FAD?
yes
what is the mode of transmission for poxviruses?
vector (mechanical)
direct contact
zoonotic
how do you prevent and control poxviruses?
vaccination
control vectors
isolation/slaughter
which poxiviruses are FAD?
myxomatosis
lumpy skin disease
sheep/goat pox
camelpox
sealpox
what poxivriuses are zoonotic?
cowpox
orf
camelpox
sealpox
what tissues does myxomatosis target?
skin and lymphocytes
what tissue does sealpox infect?
skin and mucosa
how and where do poxivriuses replicate both within a cell and within the host?
poxiviruses replicate in the cytoplasm, most commonly in dermal/musocal tissues
how are poxivriuses infections manages and prevented?
vaccinations where available, control of vectors and isolation/slaughter od affected animals
how and where does papillomaviruses replicate within host and cell?
endocytosis within basal squamous epithelial cells
what are the clinical signs of papillmaviruses?
proliferative lesions (warts) of the epithelium
what is the treatment for papillmaviruses?
excision
cryosurgery
radiation, chemo
spontaneous regression (occasionally)
which tissues do papillmomaviruses target and how does that play a role in transmission?
epithelial cells
-transmission via contact, fomites +/- vectors
how and where does papillomavirus replicate within a cell? within the host? how does that help them evade the immune system?
within the nucleus of the epithelial cells through a non-lytic process which helps avoid triggering immune system
where is African swine fever contained before 2007?
where has African swine fever spread to 2007-present?
what makes African swine fever unique among DNA viruses?
only known DNA virus with biological arthropod vector
what are the clinical signs of African swine fever?
- paracute (sudden death)
- acute (fever, hemorrhage, splenomegaly)
- subacute (pneumonia)
how is African swine fever transmitted?
tick-borne
Contact with infected skin or pork products
what is the treatment and prevention for African swine fever?
-depop/decontaminate/ repop
-prevent exposure
-DIVA incompatible, no vax
what does the term “DIVA” mean WRT vaccine development?
ability to Distinguish Infected from Vaccinated Animals
-requirement for efficiency separating true infections from animals which have been vaccinated in endemic areas
