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microbio II > intro to mycology > Flashcards

intro to mycology Flashcards

1
Q

what is mycotoxicosis?

A

intoxication with fungal byproducts that may contaminate feed
-aflatoxins
-ergot alkaloid

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2
Q

what are the predisposing factors to an animal to fungal invasion?

A

immunosuppression
prolonged antibiotic therapy
traumatized tissue
persistent moisture/poor ventilation

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3
Q

are fungi prokaryotes or eukaryotes?

A

eukaryotes

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4
Q

what are the basic morphological forms of fungi?

A

yeast
mold

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5
Q

what are the cell membrane components of fungi?

A

ergosterol
chitin

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6
Q

what are the different types of budding that yeast have?

A

encapsulated
germ tubules
pseudohyphae

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7
Q

what type of budding does the yeast crytococcus have?

A

encapsulated

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8
Q

what type of budding does the yeast Candida albicans have?

A

germ tubes
pseudohyphae

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9
Q

what are dimorphic fungi?

A

a type of yeast that is temperature dependent and can switch between yeast and mold

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10
Q

what type of yeast is histoplasma

A

dimorphic fungi

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11
Q

what are the morphological structures of molds?

A

multicellular filamentous colony
hypha
mycelium

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12
Q

what are hypha?

A

long filament or strand of cells +/- septa

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13
Q

what are mycelium

A

mat of hyphae

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14
Q

is aspergillus septate or nonseptate

A

septate

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15
Q

is rhizopus, mucor septate or nonseptate

A

nonseptate

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16
Q

what are the asexual spore types? and what do they have?

A

rhizopus, mucor
sporangiospores

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17
Q

how are sporangiospores produced?

A

produced within a sporangium

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18
Q

what are sporangiophores

A

stalk upon which the sporangium sits

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19
Q

what is conidia and related structures?

A

open, not enclosed in sporangium

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20
Q

what types of fungi have asexual spores types of conidia?

A

aspergillus
penicillium

21
Q

what is a conidiophore

A

bears the vesicle, metula, and phialide with conidia

22
Q

what are the two types of conidia

A
23
Q

give an example for micro and macro conidia

A
24
Q

what is blastoconidia

A

budding yeast

25
Q

what is arthroconidia (arthospores)?

A

barrel-shaped conidia

26
Q

what type of reproduction do spores have?

A

asexual reproduction

27
Q

where are sporangiospores located?

A

within a sporangium

28
Q

where are conidium located?

A

from conidiophore

29
Q

what are the general fungal disease classified as?

A

mycoses
mycotoxicoses
hypersensitivities

30
Q

what does mycoses cause?

A

granulomas +/- necrosis +/- abscess formation

31
Q

what does mycotoxicoses cause?

A

intoxication and tissue damage, not an active infection and not a mycosis

32
Q

what does hyersensitivites cause?

A

allergic pneumonitis, etc. may occur but are not classified as mycoses or mycotoxicoses

33
Q

what are the pathogenicity and disease classifications?

A

superficial
subcutaneous
opportunistic
systemic

34
Q

what are the two types of superficial mycoses

A

ectorthrix and endothrix

35
Q

what is ectothrix

A

-fungal attachment to surface of the hair shaft, degrading cuticle
-may fluoresce with wood’s lamp

36
Q

what is endothrix

A

-fungal invasion of the hair shaft, cuticle intact
-does not fluoresce with a wood’s lamp

37
Q

example of superficial infection

A
38
Q

example of subcutaneous infection

A
39
Q

example of opportunistic infection

A
40
Q

example of systemic infection

A
41
Q

what are oxygen requirements for most fungi?

A

obligate aerobes

42
Q

what are the temperature requirements for fungi?

A

ambient 25 degrees celsius
+/- body temperature

43
Q

what substance can inhibit bacterial growth of fungi

A

sabaroud dextrose

44
Q

yeast growth requirement

A

require biochemical +/- molecular ID (MALDI, PCR)

45
Q

what grows faster, mold or yeast?

A

yeast

46
Q

how to ID mold

A

requires weeks to mature
ID based on structure +/- molecular ID

47
Q

how would you examine yeast under direct microscope examination

A

tape preparation
stained tissue

48
Q

what are specific tests to ID fungi?

A

immunological tests or molecular methods (PCR)

microbio II (6 decks)

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