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microbio II > opportunistic fungi > Flashcards

opportunistic fungi Flashcards

1
Q
A

pythium

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2
Q
A

giardia duodenalis

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3
Q

In what geographical area is pythium insidiosum commonly found?

A

tropical/subtropical areas

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4
Q

where is pythium insidiosum commonly found?

A

plant pathogens

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5
Q

what is a reproductive structure that is found in pythium insidiosum that is capable of invading damaged epithelium

A

zoospores

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6
Q

where is infection most common when an animal is infected with pythium insidiosum?

A

limb/abdomen +/- GI lesions

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7
Q

what animal most commonly gets infected with pyhtium insidiosum?

A

horses > dogs

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8
Q

In order to get infected with pythium insidiosum what is needed to persist in the environment?

A

plant infections
-and exposure to water/flooding as part of case history

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9
Q

how does pythium insidiosum infect the host?

A

zoospores adhere to the damaged skin or are ingested

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10
Q

how do the spores of pythium insidiosum invade the tissue?

A

spores invade tissue via ferm tube formation

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11
Q

what type of tissue damage is done to the host once infected with pyhtium insidiosum?

A

eosinophil/mast cell degranulation

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12
Q

what are the clinical presentations of horses infected with pythium insidiosum?

A

granulomatous, ulcerative lesions with crater like borders (kunkers)
*most common on limbs
-coral-like necrotic tissue may be present

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13
Q

If a dog is infected with pyhtium insidiosum what are the clinical presentations?

A

-occasionally seen in young dogs
*gastrointestinal and cutaneous lesions

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14
Q

how do you diagnose pythium insidiosum?

A

case history
histology or IHC
PCR
MALDI

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15
Q

what is the treatment for pythium insidiosum?

A

surgical debridement
immunotherapeutic vax

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16
Q

how do you prevent pythium insidiosum?

A

limit exposure to wet or swampy areas

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17
Q

is pythium insidiosum zoontoic?

A

no evidence of zoonosis

18
Q

where in the environment does sporothrix schenckii reside?

A

soil rich in organic matter

19
Q

where is sporothrix schenckii linked to contact with?

A

plants and infected animals

20
Q

how is sporothriz schenckiii inoculated into the skin?

A

-primary contact: mycelia in environment
-horizontal transmission: yeast forms from infected host

21
Q

where does the sporothrix schenckii (yeast) disseminate to?

A

disseminates via lymphoreticular system

22
Q

In that species is sporothrrix schhenckii most commonly seen?

A

cats

23
Q

what are the clinical presentations of sporothrix schenckii?

A

-primary nodular lesions
-secindary ulcerative lesions associated with lymphatic drainage tracts

24
Q

how would you diagnose sporothrix schenckii?

A

impression smears
PCR
MALDI

25
Q

what is the treatment for sporothrix schenckii for dogs and cats?

A

itraconazole

26
Q

what is the treatment for sporothrix schenckii in horses?

A

systemic iodides

27
Q

how do you prevent sporothrix schenckii?

A

PPE to prevent zoonosis

28
Q

why was pneumocystis jiirovecii previously classified as a protozoa?

A

sporozoite/trophozoite stages

29
Q

what are some breed predilections that pneumocystis jirovecii have?

A

Cavalier King Charles Spaniels, Dachshunds, Arabia horses
-links to immunodeficiencies

30
Q

what is the infectious form of pneumocystis jirovecii?

A

asexual trophozoite

31
Q

what is the generative form in the host of pneumocystis jirrovecii?

A

sporozoites/cysts

32
Q

what rare clinical disease is seen with pneumocystis jirovecii?

A

immunocompetent animals thought to serve as reservoirs

33
Q

what species is most commonly seen with pneumocystis jirovecii?

A

most commonly with dogs and occasionally with horses

34
Q

what are the clinical presentations with a pneumocystis jirovecii infection?

A

chronic respiratory symptoms

35
Q

how would you diagnose pneumocystis jirovecii?

A

BAL or other lung tissue
GMS/PAS
PCR
(cannot be cultured)

36
Q

what is the treatment for pneumocystis jirovecii?

A

trimethoprim-sulfa

37
Q

is pneumocystis jirovecii zoonotic?

A

no

38
Q
A
39
Q
A

sporothrix

40
Q
A

dogs

41
Q
A

pythium

microbio II (6 decks)

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