Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

microbio II > dermatophytes, cryptococcus, malassezia pachydermatis & Candida albicans > Flashcards

dermatophytes, cryptococcus, malassezia pachydermatis & Candida albicans Flashcards

1
Q

describe the dermatophyte microsporum structure

A

-spindle-shaped macroconidia
- thick walled, rough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

describe the dermatophyte trichophyton structure

A

-cigar-shaped macroconidia
-smooth, thin walled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

describe the structure of T. verrucosum in food animals?

A

chain chlamydospores

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what are clinical signs of a dermatophyte infection?

A

-focal/multifocal alopecia with scaling + inflammatory “ring”
-pseudomycetomas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

how are dermatophytes transmitted?

A

through direct contact or environmental contamination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

how does the body react to a dermatophyte infection?

A

cell-mediated response and transient immunity
-self-limiting infection if immune system is operational

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

how can you diagnose dermatophyte infection?

A

-woods lamp
-DTM (not 100% specific for dermatophytes)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

what is the treatment for dermatophytes?

A

topical miconazole/enilconazole

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

what are clinical presentations for dermatophyte infection?

A

skin lesions
pruritus

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what are some differentials for a possible dermatophyte infection that is experiencing skin lesions and itching?

A

sarcastic mange, food/drug hypersensitivity, lymphoma, poxviruses

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

how are dermatophyte infections commonly resolved?

A

self-limiting (+ antifungals) in healthy animals, antifungals in immunocompromised animals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

what is the environmental life cycle of cryptococcus gati?

A

birds and their habitat contain the yeast and the creatine in the bird droppings get into the foliag, mulch or soil and then the spores of yeast are then inhaled

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

clinical signs of cryptococcus gattii in cats?

A

nasal swelling

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

clinical signs of cryptococcus gattii in dogs?

A

CNS

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

clinical signs of cryptococcus gattii in horses?

A

respiratory

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

how do you diagnose crytococcus gattii?

A

cytology/histology

17
Q

what is the treatment for cryptococcus gattii?

A

neurological signs= bad
-long term antifungals: azoles

18
Q

how would you diagnose a case of cryptococcus in a practice?

A

microscopic examination of exudate with Diff-quick or India ink staining

19
Q

how is cryptococcus gattii transmitted and what is its life cycle in the environment?

A

environmental transmission, maintained in creatine-rich soils/foliage under trees where carrier birds have roosted

20
Q

what are the virulence factors of malassezia pachydermatis?

A

lipases
zymogens
biofilm

21
Q

what does the virulence factor lipases trigger?

A

may trigger seborrhea

22
Q

what does the virulence factor zymogens activate?

A

activate complement

23
Q

what does the virulence factor biofilm formation protect from?

A

protects from topical antifungals

24
Q

what is the common organism that is multifactorial, opportunistic and can cause canine otitis externa as well as canine seborrheic dermatitis?

A

malassezia pachydermatis

25
Q

what diagnostics can you do when suspect malassezia pachydermatis?

A

impression smears
cytology

26
Q

what is the treatment for malassezia pachydermatis?

A

-focus on underlying causes
-topical: chlorhexadine, diluted vinegar
-systemic: azoles

27
Q

what does Candida albicans cause?

A

mucosal/ GI targeted disease

28
Q

what are the virulence factors of Candida albicans?

A

adhesion
complement-binding factors

29
Q

how you do diagnose Candida albicans?

A

culture- sab. dextrose

30
Q

what is the treatment for Candida albicans?

A

focus on underlying causes

31
Q

what are the predisposing conditions for canine otitis external and what are the common organisms isolated?

A

-conditions: aural microclimate, diet, metabolic/endocrine, breed, immune disorder
-organisms: malassezia, pseudomonas, otodectes, staph

32
Q

what are the target organ systems or tissue for Candida?

A

gastrointestinal, including both upper and lower GI

33
Q

how do virulence factors help either malassezia or candida infiltrate tissue and cause clinical disease?

A

variosu enzymes like lipase and zymogens allow the organism to penetrate tissue and subsequently may trigger a severe inflammatory response

34
Q

how are diseases caused by these tow agents practically treated?

A

-alleviating predisposing conditions
-antifungals where appropriate

microbio II (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions