PAPER 1 - ATTACHMENT - effects of institutionalisation Flashcards

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1
Q

what was the aim of Rutter and Sonuga-Barke’s study?

A

investigating the effects of institutionalisation

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2
Q

what was the procedure of Rutter and Sonuga-Barke’s study?

A
  • 165 Romanian children in institutions during early years
  • 111 were adopted before age 2, 54 adopted by age 4
  • physical, cognitive and social development was tested at 4,6,11 &15
  • they were compared to 54 English children adopted within the UK before age 6 months
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3
Q

what were the findings of Rutter and Sonuga-Barke’s study?

A
  • Romanian orphans were smaller, weighed less, classified as mentally retarded at age 2
  • by age 4, some had caught up with the English children
  • those adopted after 6 months had deficits
  • long term effects not as severe if adopted before 6 months
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4
Q

what were some of the deficits the Romanian orphans struggled with if they weren’t adopted before 6 months?

A

disinhibited attachment
problems with peer relationships

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5
Q

what is the definition of disinhibited attachment disorder (DAD)?

A

a child does snot discriminate between anyone seeking an attachment figure so may display over-friendliness and attantion seeking behaviours

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6
Q

what were the conclusions of Rutter and Sonuga-Barke’s study?

A
  • the negative effects of institutionalisation may disappear over time
  • age 11, fewer children has disinhibited attachment
  • long term consequences werent as severe if children had opportunity for attachments
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7
Q

what were some criticisms of Rutter and Sonuga-Barke’s study?

A
  • individual differences - some children weren’t affected as strongly
  • confounding variables inevitable
  • effects may be due to slower development - not permanent - age 11, fewer DAD
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8
Q

what were some strengths of Rutter and Sonuga-Barke’s study?

A
  • real life application - can be applied to improve lives of children placed in care
  • longitudinal study - followed lives of children over many years
  • ecological validity
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9
Q

what is physical underdevelopment?

A

children in care are often physically smaller
- research has shown that lack of emotional care, rather than poor nourishment, can lead to deprivation dwarfism

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10
Q

what is intellectual under functioning?

A

cognitive functioning can also be affected e.g. Skodak & Skeels found children in institutions score poorly on IQ tests, when moved to another setting, IQ scores improved

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11
Q

what is poor parenting?

A

Quinton et al studied 50 ex-institution women compared to 50 controls - found ex-institution women struggled to parent and more likely to have children who also go into care

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12
Q

what is privation?

A

when no attachment is formed

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13
Q

what is deprivation?

A

attachment is formed but broke

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