Panopto 23/24 Flashcards
What gives us our nervous system?
nervous tissue
what does the nervous system work with?
endocrine system
what is the NS+ES called?
communication network
what are the 2 parts of the nervous system?
central nervous system (CNS): brain and spinal cord
peripheral nervous system (PNS): ganglia, nerves and receptors
nature of the communication NS?
electrical messages called action potentials. Action potentials travel over nerve cell circuits and elicits an immediate response, and it ends quickly.
nature of communication ES?
chemical messages called hormones that are carried by the blood. They elicit a delayed response and are long lasting
what does the PNS do with messages?
Carries messages to CNS (afferent NS: sensory in function)
Receives messages from the CNS (efferent NS: motor in function)
Is the afferent nervous system homogeneous or heterogeneous?
homogeneous, no variability
Is the efferent nervous system homogeneous or heterogeneous?
heterogeneous; it has 2 parts. the somatic and autonomic NS
Somatic NS name the type of muscle and voluntary or involuntary.
skeletal muscle- voluntary
Autonomic NS name the type of muscle and voluntary or involuntary.
smooth/cardiac muscle, glands- involuntary
name the 2 parts of the autonomic NS and their location and function
Sympathetic NS- location: mid portion of the spinal cord, function: stress
Parasympathetic NS- location: upper and lower portion of the spinal cord and the brainstem; function: resting activities (rest and digest)
what is nervous tissue made of
Nerve cells and supporting cells- glial cells or neuroglial (support nerve cells)
what is a synonymous term for a nerve cell
neuron
what part of a nerve cell does a fiber refer to
the axon
how many nerve cells do we have and are they all the same?
10 billion, no they are not the same we can divide them based on function and location
name the 3 kinds of neurons
motor neurons, sensory neurons, and interneurons
motor neurons: afferent or efferent?
efferent
sensory neurons: afferent or efferent?
afferent
What’s another name for interneurons?
association neurons
what is the most abundant neuron?
interneurons
what are the releasing neurotransmitters?
acetylcholine and norepinephrine
do the somatic and autonomic nervous systems have acetylcholine, norepinephrine, or both?
Somatic nervous system: only acetylcholine
Autonomic nervous system
Sympathetic: has both acetylcholine and norepinephrine
Parasympathetic: has only acetylcholine
describe multipolar neurons, bipolar neurons, and pseudo-unipolar
Multipolar: 1 axon and 2 or more dendrites (most abundant)
Bipolar: 1 axon and 1 dendrite: rare seen where we have special senses (eye, ear and nose)
Pseudo-unipolar: 1 axon (with 2 branches) and 0 dendrites
what neruon/s are multipolar
motor neurons and interneurons
what neuron/s are psuedo-unipolar?
sensory neurons
