palpitations

Question 1

Describe palpitations

Answer 1

Palpitation refers to the unduly rapid action of the heart which is felt by the patient and accompanied by nervousness and restlessness.

Question 2

That are the 6 pathophysiological reason palpitation could arise

Answer 2

1. Heart Qi xu
2. Heart blood Xu
3. Phlegm fire disrupting the heart
4. blood stasis
5. hyperactivity of fire due to yin xu excessive fluids invading the heart

Question 3

Prescription of reinforcing Qi and calming the heart: for deficiency of Heart Qi

Answer 3

1. HT7, BL15, CV14, PC6
2. Manifestations: palpitation, shortness of breath, easy sweating, tired, easily frightened.
3. Pulse: weak
4. Tongue: pale
5. Modifications: easy to be frightened + PC7; shortness of breath + CV6, ST36; sweating +BL43,

Question 4

Prescription of nourishing blood and calming the heart: for deficiency of the Heart blood:

Answer 4

1. BL17, BL20, ST36, BL15, HT7, HT5
2. Manifestations: palpitation, vertigo and dizziness, poor sleep.
3. Pulse: Thready
4. Tongue: Pale
5. Modifications: dizziness and blurring vision + GV20.

Question 5

Prescription of resolving phlegm and tranquilizing the heart: for phlegm fire disturbs the Heart:

Answer 5

1. L15, CV14, HT4, PC4, ST40, LU5
2. Manifestations: alternate palpitation, fullness in the chest, bitter taste in the mouth, mucus or phlegm in the throat, maybe cough with yellow phlegm, dark urine, constipation
3. Pulse: slippery and rapid
4. Tongue: yellow greasy coat
5. Modifications: constipation + ST25; restlessness +PC5

Question 6

Prescription of promoting blood circulation and regulating the flow of qi to clear away the obstruction from the vessels: for the blood stasis:

Answer 6

1. PC3, HT3, CV6, SP10, BL15, CV14
2. Manifestations: palpitation, alternate heart pain, restlessness, chest tightness
3. Tongue: purple lips, tongue, sublingual veins
4. Pulse: may have jie or dai mai (irregular pulse)
5. Modifications: pulse weak + PC6, LU9; edema +CV9

Question 7

Prescription of nourishing yin to remove fire and calm the spirit: for the hyperactivity of fire due to Yin deficiency:

Answer 7

1. HT7, PC6, BL15, BL17, BL23, KI3
2. Manifestations: palpitation, fidget, insomnia, night sweating,
3. Tongue: cracks, red body, less coating
4. Pulse: thin and rapid
5. Modifications: fidget + PC8; tinnitus + TB3

Question 8

Prescription of dissolve the harmful fluid and calming the heart: for the excessive fluid invades the heart:

Answer 8

1. BL15, CV14, PC6, HT7, CV9, CV4, BL22, SP9
2. Manifestations: palpitation, dizziness, feeling of stuffiness in the chest, cold limbs, edema of the lower extremities
3. Tongue: pale flabby body, wet coating
4. Pulse: tight and slippery
5. Modifications: cold + BL23, KI3; oppressed sensation in the chest + CV17; dizziness + GB20, ST40