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GR 11 > pakyu pr > Flashcards

pakyu pr Flashcards

1
Q

Encourages seeking information through interrogation.
-Allows you to gain soft skills such as cooperation, self-reflection, and problem solving

A

Inquiry

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2
Q

Discover through formal and systematic study or observation.
-Allows you to gain skills such as organization, communication, and attention to detail
-It is the process of gathering and analyzing data or information for specific purposes.

A

Research

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3
Q

-Subjective
-Thematic Data

A

Qualitative Research

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4
Q

-Objective
-Numerical Data

A

Quantitative Research

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5
Q

Create a Law

A

Model -> Hypothesis -> Theory -> Law

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6
Q

General Model-

A

Philosophy-> Theory-> Principle -> Technique-> Method

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7
Q

Thomas Kuhn’s Paradigm Shiff

A

Paradigm-> Experimentation, research, analysis->discover anomalies-> reconcile anomalies(give solution or recommendation)-> enden cycle

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8
Q

Principles of Research

A

Support an existing study
Debunk an existing study
Innovate a new study

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9
Q

Aims of Research

A

-verification of existing knowledge
-acquisition of new knowledge
-application of new knowledge
-advancement of the researcher’s expertise

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10
Q

It focuses on providing a foundation for future studies.

A

Exploration

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11
Q

Functions of Research

A

Exploration
Description
Explanation

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12
Q

It aims to give additional information on newly discovered ideas.

A

Description

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13
Q

It discovers why new ideas came into existence through connecting ideas.

A

Explanation

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14
Q

Characteristic of a research:

A

Empirical or Experimental
Logical or Deductive
Cyclical or Moving in Cycles
Analytical or Coherent
Critical or Fault Finding
Methodical or Systematic
Replicable or Duplicated

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15
Q

-based from experience, experimentation and observation
-objective or unbiased

A

Empirical or Experimental

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16
Q

-based on valid procedures, frameworks and principles
-Follows a process
-supported by a certain methodology

A

Logical or Deductive

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17
Q

-starts with a problem and ends with a problem
-Seeking new informations using the gap of the past research

A

Cyclical or Moving in Cycles

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18
Q

-All data must be analyzed to elicit the desired meaning from the obtained information

A

Analytical or Coherent

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19
Q

-Exhibits careful and precision processing ideas and judgment
-Address gaps

A

Critical or Fault Finding

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20
Q

-Appropriate research methodology is used to ensure that researchers can collect relevant data

A

Methodical or Systematic

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21
Q

-research design and procedures are repeated to verify its validity, reliability, and consistency.

A

Replicable or Duplicated

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22
Q

Research Process

A

Step 1: Identifying and Defining the Research Problem
Step 2: Review the Literature
Step 3: Formulating Hypotheses and Designing the Study
Step 4: Planning the Research Design
Step 5: Collecting of and Organizing Data
Step 6: Analyzing Data and Testing Hypothesis
Step 7: Interpreting Data
Step 8: Reporting Research Finding

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23
Q

Objective /Purpose

A

Understanding the way people think and feel

Used to generate an outcome

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24
Q

Interpretation

A
  • Understands underlying reasons
    -Gains insights into the prevailing trends - Is interpretative and contextualized
  • Expresses data in terms of numerical values as gathered from the respondents
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25
Q

Hypotheses

A

May emerge/change as the study progresses

  • Are specifically stated at the outset and tested therefore it can either be accepted or rejected; it cannot be changed
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26
Q

Sample

A
  • Comes in small numbers - Referred to as participants or subjects - Identified using non-probability/purposive sampling
  • Comes in large numbers - Referred to as respondents - Selected to represent the population of interest using probability/non-purposive sampling
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27
Q

Questions

A

Open-ended

Close-ended

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28
Q

Data collection

A

Unstructured (free in form) procedures

Structured procedures

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29
Q

Data analysis

A

Inductive analysis of data
- Minimal to no use of statistical test

  • Deductive analysis of data
  • Requires the use of statistical tests
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30
Q

Outcome

A

-Inclusive
-Needs further study before recommending a course of action

  • Conclusive - Usually descriptive in nature
  • Used to recommend a final course of action
  • Produces results
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31
Q

Generalization

A

Findings are particularly in-depth about a certain phenomenon

Findings are generalized to all situations

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32
Q

-qualitative
Driven by researchers curiosity
Investigating the structure
Improves understanding of particular phenomena.

A

Basic/Pure

33
Q

mix/quantitative
Application of methodology
Effects of techniques
Solving or improving specific word-problems

A

Applied

34
Q

KINDS OF RESEARCH BASED ON APPLICATION OF RESEARCH METHOD

A

Basic/Pure
Applied

35
Q

KINDS OF RESEARCH ACCORDING TO THEIR PURPOSE
RESEARCH DESIGN

A

Descriptive Research
Correlational Research
Exploratory Research
Explanatory Research
Action Research

36
Q

This aims to define or provide a verbal representation or picture of a person, thing, event, group, situation, and so on. Because the topic is limited to a specific period or number of years, it lends itself to repeated investigation. Based on the findings of the study, the researcher encourages future researchers to conduct additional research on a specific topic.

A

Descriptive Research

37
Q

It depicts the connections or relationships between two variables, which are factors, circumstances, or agents. It is only concerned with indicating the existence of a relationship, not with the causes and methods of its development.

A

Correlational Research

38
Q

Its goal is to determine how reasonable or feasible it is to conduct a research study on a specific topic. It allows you to discover ideas on a specific topic that may pique your interest in conducting research studies.

A

Exploratory Research

39
Q

It elaborates or explains not only the reasons for two factors’ relationship, but also how such a relationship exists.

A

Explanatory Research

40
Q

This is an ongoing practice of a school, organization, community, or institution to solve an immediate or progressive problem that will initiate system improvements.

A

Action Research

41
Q

Five phases of Research

A

Conceptualization Phase
Designing Phase
Empirical Phase
Analysis Phase
Dissemination Phase

42
Q

Intellectualize the problem of the topic and present a concrete statement of the problem. It involves literature review to look for a gap, formulation of the statement of the problem, and hypothesis.

A

Conceptualization Phase

43
Q

Planning of the methods of our study. To efficiently solve the problem. Identify the methods or techniques of our study, find the appropriate research design, what are the number of respondents, what are the ethical compliant, and formulate the instruments.

A

Designing Phase

44
Q

Implementing the methodology that have been planned following the ethical compliant. Already gathered the data in consideration of the ethical compliant/consideration

A

Empirical Phase

45
Q

Formulating the finding and interpretations based on the gathered data. Chapter 4 of our study (it contains the data analysis and interpretation and discussion and results). Chapter 5 of the study (contain the summary of the findings,conclusions, and recommendations)

A

Analysis Phase

46
Q

Process of publishing of the findings to the public. The - of the information to the public

A

Dissemination Phase

47
Q

Characteristic of a successful researcher

A

Curious
Efficient
Logical
Effective
Active
Practical
Inventive
Honest
Cost-effective

48
Q

Guideline in choosing a research topic

A

Interest in the subject matter.
Availability of information.
Timeliness and relevance of the topic.
Limitations of the subject.
Personal Resources

49
Q

What interests u
Will this interest the public, too
If the topic is no assigned, make sure you will enjoy researching about it.
Purpose: to pursue the research despite struggle

A

Interest in the subject matter.

50
Q

Where can I get data
How much data can I get
How relevant are the date available
Purpose: to support the study

A

Availability of information.

51
Q

Is my topic timely
Is it useful for the society
Select topics that are relevant to the current landscape of the society
Purpose: to ensure the usefulness of the study

A

Timeliness and relevance of the topic.

52
Q

What is the coverage of my topic? Scope and Limitations?
Technically, what do I have to consider in regards our course requirements?
Purpose: To protect your study from further questions of the panelists.

A

Limitations of the subject.

53
Q

Assess your research abilities in terms of your financial standing, health condition, mental capacity, needed facilities, and time allotment to enable you to complete your research.

A

Personal Resources

54
Q

Research topics to avoid

A

Controversial topics ( can be to serve as an eye opener)
Highly technical subjects
Hard-to-investigate subjects
Too broad subjects
Too narrow subjects
Vague subjects

55
Q

Characteristics of a Research Title

A

Summarizes the main ideas of your study
Is the part of the paper that is read the most and is usually read first
Captures readers attention at the research problem investigated
Differentiates the paper from the other papers of the same subject area
Predicts content
Contains keyword that will make it easy to access by a computer search

56
Q

steps on Formulating Research Questions

A
  1. Choose a topic
  2. Narrow the topic
  3. Ask some questions
  4. Focus the question
57
Q

Key Elements of SOP

A
  1. Provide context for your study
  2. Establish the relevance of this research
  3. Define specific aims and Objectives
58
Q

is an oral or written record of man’s significant experiences that are artistically conveyed in a prosaic manner.

A

Literature

59
Q

is an analysis of man’s written or spoken knowledge of the world. You examine representations of man’s thinking about the world to determine the connection of your research with what people already know about it.

A

A review of related literature

60
Q

PURPOSE OF RRL

A
  1. To obtain background knowledge of your research
  2. To relate your study to the current condition or situation of the world
  3. To show the capacity of your research work to introduce new knowledge
  4. To expand, prove, or disprove the findings of previous research studies
  5. To increase your understanding of the underlying theories, principles, or concepts of your research
  6. To explain technical terms involved in your research study
  7. To highlight the significance of your work with the kind of evidence it gathered to support the conclusion of your research
  8. To avoid repeating previous research studies
  9. To recommend the necessity of further research on a certain topic
61
Q

STYLES OF RRL

A

Traditional Review of Literature
Systematic Review of Literature

62
Q

way is to summarize present forms of knowledge on a specific subject. Your aim here is to give an expanded or new understanding of an existing work. Being necessarily descriptive, interpretative, evaluative, and methodically unclear and uncertain, a - review is prone to your subjectivity. This kind of review does not require you to describe your method of reviewing literature but expects you to state your intentions in conducting the review and to name the sources of information.

A

Traditional Review of Literature

63
Q

which means methodical, is a style of RRL that involves sequential acts of a review of related literature. requires you to go through the following RRL steps

A
  1. Systematic Review of Literature
64
Q

analysis of concepts or ideas to give meaning to some national or world issues

A

Conceptual review

65
Q

focuses on theories or hypotheses and examines meanings and results of their application to situations

A

Critical review

66
Q

makes the researcher deal with the latest research studies on the subject

A

State-of-the-Art review

67
Q

encourages a well-known expert to do the RRL because of the influence of a certain ideology, paradigm, or belief on him/her

A

Expert review

68
Q

prepares a situation for a future research work in the form of project making about community development, government policies, and health services, among others

A

Scoping review

69
Q

STEPS IN CONDUCTING SYSTEMATIC RRL

A
  1. Have a clear understanding of the research questions.
  2. Plan your manner of obtaining the data.
  3. Do the literature search.
    determine which data, studies, or sources of knowledge are valuable or not
  4. Determine the methodological soundness of the research studies.
  5. Summarize what you have gathered from various sources of data.
70
Q

the structure of the summary resembles that of an essay where a series of united sentences presents the RRL results. However, this structure of - review varies based on your subject and area of specialization.

A

traditional review

71
Q

the structure is based on the research questions; so much so, that, if your RRL does not adhere to a certain method to make you begin your RRL with research questions, your RRL is headed toward a traditional literature review structure.

A

systematic review

72
Q

Structure of RRL

A

Introduction
Headings and Subheadings
Summary

73
Q

Process of RRL

A

Step1 : Search for literature
Step2 : Reading the source material
Step3 : Writing the review

74
Q

Where to get RRL

A

Early Stages Materials
Indexed Publication
Journals and Articles
Books

75
Q

Research Designs

A

Phenomenological Studies
Ethnographic studies
Grounded Theory Studies
Content Analysis
Case study

76
Q

Experience of your Participants are investigated

A

Phenomenological Studies

77
Q

This study involves gathering and analyzing data about cultural groups

A

Ethnographic studies

78
Q

A research design used to create a theory and law

A

Grounded Theory study

79
Q

Research design that criticizes literatures

A

Content Analysis

GR 11 (18 decks)

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