Pain meds - important Flashcards
pharm action of 1st gen NSAIDS - aspirin, ibuprofen
inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes
list 5 NSAIDs
N - naproxen
S - salicylate acid (Aspirin)
A - acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin)
I - ibuprofen & indomethacin
K - ketorolac
therapeutic use of aspirin, ibuprofen
- suppress inflammation
- mild to mod pain
- reduce fever
- dysmenorrhea (period cramps)
- aspirin: inhibit platelet aggregation
adverse effects of ibuprofen
- GI issues, heartburn (dyspepsia), ulceration
- Kidney dysfxn
- thromboembolic events (blood clots), heart attacks
- hypertension
NSAIDS acronym for adverse effects
- N: not good for GI, Heart (HTN, HF)
- S: sticky blood clots (except aspirin)
- A: asthma worsening, or nasal polyps
- I: increased bleed risk; easy bruising/tarry stool or acute hypotention w/ tachycardia; take with food unless with PPI
- D: dysfunctional kidneys
- S: swelling heart; HTN/HF worsening
what foods to avoid for NSAIDs
EGGO acronym
E: vit. E
G: gingko
G: garlic
O: omega 3 oils
adverse effects of aspirin
- GI bleed
- kidney dysfxn
- Salicylism (overdose aspirin toxic) first signs ototoxic
- Reye’s syndrome in kids when they have influenza or varicella
Reye’s syndrome symptoms
vomiting
seizures
confusion, LOC
associated with kids that has a viral infection that leads to liver and brain damage leading to death
early treatment for Reye’s syndrome
- diuretics and electrolytes to prevent swelling of brain
- treat for bleed
considerations for NSAIDS - ibuprofen, aspirin
- take aspirin w/ proton pump inhibitor Omeprazole or Trilisate to lower risk of GI bleed
- recommend acetaminophen for kids
- discontinue 1wk before scheduled surgery
- no alcohol
- take with food/milk/water
contraindications for NSAIDs - ibuprofen, aspirin
- teratogenic
- peptic ulcer dx
- bleed d/o
- kidney issue
- heart issue (aspirin)
- hypertension (ibuprofen)
- not for children
Name the 2nd gen NSAID
celecoxib
pharm action of celecoxib
COX-2 inhibitor
adverse effects of celecoxib
- less GI issues
- renal dusfxn, cardiovascular, CVS events more prevalent
therapeutic use of celecoxib
- suppress inflammation
- mild to mod pain
- reduce fever
- dysmenorrhea
considerations for celecoxib
- take with food/milk/water
- no alcohol
- don’t take with antacids
contraindications for celecoxib
- teratogenic
- liver/kidney issues
- children
- GI bleed
- anemia
pharm action of acetaminophen
COX inhibitor that has limited CNS effects
therapeutic use of acetaminophen
- mild to mod pain
- fever reduction
adverse effect of acetaminophen
- liver damage (overdose)
- hypertension (daily use, and in women)
antidote for acetaminophen
acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Acetadote)
considerations for acetaminophen
- no more than 4g/day
- alcohol increases risk of liver damage
contraindications for acetaminophen
alcohol use d/o
bupivacain usage
for chronic pain as a numbing agent such as back pain
