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NURS122 > Pain meds - important > Flashcards

Pain meds - important Flashcards

1
Q

pharm action of 1st gen NSAIDS - aspirin, ibuprofen

A

inhibit COX-1 and COX-2 enzymes

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2
Q

list 5 NSAIDs

A

N - naproxen
S - salicylate acid (Aspirin)
A - acetylsalicylic acid (Aspirin)
I - ibuprofen & indomethacin
K - ketorolac

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3
Q

therapeutic use of aspirin, ibuprofen

A
  • suppress inflammation
  • mild to mod pain
  • reduce fever
  • dysmenorrhea (period cramps)
  • aspirin: inhibit platelet aggregation
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4
Q

adverse effects of ibuprofen

A
  • GI issues, heartburn (dyspepsia), ulceration
  • Kidney dysfxn
  • thromboembolic events (blood clots), heart attacks
  • hypertension
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5
Q

NSAIDS acronym for adverse effects

A
  • N: not good for GI, Heart (HTN, HF)
  • S: sticky blood clots (except aspirin)
  • A: asthma worsening, or nasal polyps
  • I: increased bleed risk; easy bruising/tarry stool or acute hypotention w/ tachycardia; take with food unless with PPI
  • D: dysfunctional kidneys
  • S: swelling heart; HTN/HF worsening
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6
Q

what foods to avoid for NSAIDs

A

EGGO acronym

E: vit. E
G: gingko
G: garlic
O: omega 3 oils

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7
Q

adverse effects of aspirin

A
  • GI bleed
  • kidney dysfxn
  • Salicylism (overdose aspirin toxic) first signs ototoxic
  • Reye’s syndrome in kids when they have influenza or varicella
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8
Q

Reye’s syndrome symptoms

A

vomiting
seizures
confusion, LOC

associated with kids that has a viral infection that leads to liver and brain damage leading to death

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9
Q

early treatment for Reye’s syndrome

A
  • diuretics and electrolytes to prevent swelling of brain
  • treat for bleed
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10
Q

considerations for NSAIDS - ibuprofen, aspirin

A
  • take aspirin w/ proton pump inhibitor Omeprazole or Trilisate to lower risk of GI bleed
  • recommend acetaminophen for kids
  • discontinue 1wk before scheduled surgery
  • no alcohol
  • take with food/milk/water
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11
Q

contraindications for NSAIDs - ibuprofen, aspirin

A
  • teratogenic
  • peptic ulcer dx
  • bleed d/o
  • kidney issue
  • heart issue (aspirin)
  • hypertension (ibuprofen)
  • not for children
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12
Q

Name the 2nd gen NSAID

A

celecoxib

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13
Q

pharm action of celecoxib

A

COX-2 inhibitor

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14
Q

adverse effects of celecoxib

A
  • less GI issues
  • renal dusfxn, cardiovascular, CVS events more prevalent
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15
Q

therapeutic use of celecoxib

A
  • suppress inflammation
  • mild to mod pain
  • reduce fever
  • dysmenorrhea
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16
Q

considerations for celecoxib

A
  • take with food/milk/water
  • no alcohol
  • don’t take with antacids
17
Q

contraindications for celecoxib

A
  • teratogenic
  • liver/kidney issues
  • children
  • GI bleed
  • anemia
18
Q

pharm action of acetaminophen

A

COX inhibitor that has limited CNS effects

19
Q

therapeutic use of acetaminophen

A
  • mild to mod pain
  • fever reduction
20
Q

adverse effect of acetaminophen

A
  • liver damage (overdose)
  • hypertension (daily use, and in women)
21
Q

antidote for acetaminophen

A

acetylcysteine (Mucomyst, Acetadote)

22
Q

considerations for acetaminophen

A
  • no more than 4g/day
  • alcohol increases risk of liver damage
23
Q

contraindications for acetaminophen

A

alcohol use d/o

24
Q

bupivacain usage

A

for chronic pain as a numbing agent such as back pain

25
Q

list 4 antiemetics

A

ondansetron,
metoclopramide
hydroxyzine
phenothiazine

26
Q

what medication to give when transitioning pt from PCA pump to oral meds

A

Percocet - mix of oxycodone and acetaminophen

27
Q

what antidepressant can be given as an adjuvant

A

trazodone at night

28
Q

list 3 antiseizure med that are adjuvant to opioids

A

gabapentin,
lamotrigine
pregabalin

29
Q

what’s the medical cannabinoid med

A

dronabinol (Marinol)

30
Q

oxycotin vs. oxycodone

A

oxycodone tend to be immediate release and easier to abuse, comes in extended release form which is the oxycotin that takes about 12 hrs to onset

31
Q

important to remember for extended release opioids

A

give on time even if the pt doesn’t claim to be in pain

32
Q

what is methadone used for

A

treat opioids disorder and chronic severe pain, give low doses for opioid d/o

33
Q

baclofen usage

A

muscle relaxer

NURS122 (28 decks)

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