DM drugs important stuff

Question 1

sulfonylureas

Answer 1

adverse effects:
hypoglycemia
GI issues, constipation

contraindicated:
pregnancy, lactation, DKA

Question 2

meglitinides

Answer 2

adverse effects: similar to sulfonylureas
hypoglycemia

drug for renal insufficiency

Question 3

biguanides

Answer 3

adverse effects:
metallic taste
vit. B12 deficiencies

contraindicated:
renal/hepatic issues, severe infection

hold 48hrs before invasive procedure

Question 4

thiazolidinediones (TZDs) (glitazones)

Answer 4

adverse effects:
fluid retention
hepatotoxic

decrease oral contraceptive effectiveness

contraindicated:
heart issues, hypertension

Question 5

alpha- glucosidase inhibitors

Answer 5

adverse effects:
GI ISSUES

contraindicated:
IBS, GI obstruction etc.

Question 6

gliptins (DPP-4 inhibitors)

Answer 6

adverse effects:
pancreatitis, angioedema

monitor blood amylase, kidney panel

Question 7

incretin mimetics

Answer 7

adverse effects:
GI issues, renal failure, pancreatitis

contraindications:
renal issue, pregnancy (teratogenic)

Question 8

amylin mimetics

Answer 8

contraindications:
poor insulin regimen adherence
stuff that slow GI motility

Question 9

which insulins are rapid acting

Answer 9

aspart
glulisine
lispro (Humalog)

Question 10

which insulins are long-acting

Answer 10

detemir (Levemir)
glargine (Lantus)

Question 11

peak time of short acting insulins

Answer 11

1-1.5hrs

Question 12

peak time of regular insulin

Answer 12

2-3hrs

Question 13

intermediate insulin peak time

Answer 13

5-8hrs

Question 14

long-acting insulin peak time

Answer 14

no peak

Question 15

which insulins are basal insulins

Answer 15

NPH
long acting - glargine (lantus), detemir

Question 16

which insulin can be given IV

Answer 16

regular goes right in the vein

Question 17

which insulin can’t be mixed

Answer 17

long means “lonely”

Question 18

order of mixing NPH and regular insulin

Answer 18

clear to cloudy
“you are Not Retired, you are a R N”