pain medications Flashcards
fentanyl
oxycodone
duloxetine
tramadol
The cell bodies of nociceptors are found in the
dorsal root ganglion of the spinal cord
Fentanyl is at least ______ times more potent that morphine.
80
Dull, diffuse pain signals are transmitted via __________ fibers.
C
Combining acetaminophen with alcohol is dangerous because it can result in:
hepotoxicity
Which of the following drugs is a good choice for “poor metabolizers” or patients with compromised liver function?
propoxyphene
Suboxone is the combination of buprenorphine and
naloxone
To which receptor does oxycodone bind the most?
mu opioid
Inhibition of COX-1 results in
upset stomach
Vicodin is a combination of hydrocodone and
acetomenophin
Which of the following nuclei is NOT a part of the descending pain modification system?
nucleus basalts
NSAIDs
aspirin
ibuprofen (drug class, trade names)
NSAIDs
advil, motrin
naprozen (drug class, trade names)
NSAIDs
Aleve, Naprosyn
what is one of the #1 causes of acute liver failure
tylenol AKA acetominophen
why don’t take tylenol for a hangover?
you still have alcohol in your system —-> liver damage
what is considered one of the most dangerous OTC drugs?
tylenol / acetominophen
pros of ibuprofen?
not found in breastmilk
pros of toradol
concurrent administration can dec morphine requirement
issues w indocin (indomethin)
inc side effect liability
pros of sulindac (clinoril)
less GI upset than indomethin
pros of diclofenac (voltaren)
Several preparations: delayed release, topical, skin patch
pros of nabutmeone (relafen)
rec for long term tmt; less GI upset vs aspirin
cons of celecoxib (celebrex)
no cardioprotective effects; may actually inc risk
morphine SE?
Side Effects: respiratory depression, pupillary constriction, constipation, decreased sex drive/fertility problems, itching
codeine is metabolized to…..
_____ can block this transformation
morphine ((but SSRIs can block this transformation))
hydrocodone is used for…. (2)
Mild-Moderate pain, cough suppression
Vicodin / norco is _______ mixed with ________
hydrocodone ; acetaminophin
what is one of the most frequently abused presctiption drugs in the US
hydrocodone
heroin is _____x the potency of morphine
3
heroin is ______ soluable
lipid
hydromorphone / oxymorphone trade name:
dilauded , numorphan
hydromorphone / oxymorphone is ____-____x potency of morphine
6-10x
what drugs might inhibit the effects of hydromorphone / oxymorphone? (2)
antihistamines & MAOIs
merperidine has greater _________ effects than morphine
euphoric
methadone has a half life of ______hours
24-36hrs
issues with levo-alpha acetylmaethadol?
inc risk of cardiac effects
pros of levo-alpha acetylmaethadol?
long half life (2.5 days) , Long duration of action allows for less frequent dosing
pros of propoxyphene? (2)
Effects do not depend on metabolism; good choice for “poor metabolizers”; Less GI upset
Lower risk of dependence
fentanyl is _____-_____x as potent as morphine
80-500x
what is buprenorphine used for?
Opioid dependency (suppresses craving, decreased euphoria)
pros of buprenorphine
Txts opioid dependency without risk of abuse
how does tapentadol (nucynta) work?
Mu agonist + blocks NET
pro of pentazocine?
Low risk of dependence or respiratory depression
nalmefene (Revex) is similar to naloxone, but _______
lasts longer
naltrexone is used to ________
treat opioid / alcohol dependence
methlynaltrexone/alvimopan has _______ effects, because _________
only peripheral effects; Does not cross BBB
Ibuprofen is an especially good choice for
nursing mothers
The metabolism of codeine into morphine can be blocked by
SSRIs
Compared to morphine, heroin is
more lipid soluable
Dull, diffuse pain signals are transmitted via __________ fibers.
C
What is the primary indication for acetaminophen?
Analgesia and antipyresis
