Pain, inflammation, and fever prototypes Flashcards
ibuprofen drug classes
therapeutic: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
pharmacologic: NSAID, non-selective COX inhibitor
ibuprofen MOA
inhibits the conversion of arachidonic acid to cyclooxegenase (COX) which inhibits the production of prostaglandins
IMPORTANT: Prostaglandins generated by COX 1 & 2 can be BOTH protective (COX-1) and cause inflammation (COX-2)
ibuprofen uses
mild to moderate pain, fever, inflammation
ibuprofen nursing considerations
may cause GI bleeding or peptic ulcers, monitor hepatic and renal function, if allergic to Asprin avoid
aspirin drug classes
therapeutic: analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antipyretic
Pharmacologic: : NSAID, salicylate, non-selective COX inhibitor
aspirin MOA
inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins
aspirin uses
mild to moderate pain, treatment of fever, treatment of inflammation, may prevent stroke and heart attack
aspirin nursing considerations
GI irritation, don’t use with drugs that increase risk of bleeding, monitor hepatic renal function, may lead to Stevens-John syndrome
acetaminophen drug classes
therapeutic class: analgesic, antipyretic
pharmacologic class: analgesic
acetaminophen MOA
inhibits synthesis of prostaglandins in the brain
aceteminophen uses
mild to moderate pain, treatment of fever
acetaminophen nursing considerations
hepatoxic, to not use with alcoholics or hepatic insufficeincy; don’t exceed 3000mg/day
stevens-johnson syndrome (SJS)
caused by NSAIDs, serious reaction to medications that causes flu like symptoms then severe rash
morphine drug classes
therapeutic: analgesic
pharmacologic: opioid agonist
morphine MAO
works in the brain to inhibit pain sensation
morphine uses
moderate to severe pain not relieved by non-opioid medications, air hunger
morphine nursing considerations
monitor for respiratory depression, sedation, urinary retention, nausea, constipation
administer stool softener
2 RN sign off
naloxone drug classes
therapeutic class: reversal agent, antidote for opioids
Pharma class: CNS opioid receptor antagonist
naloxone action
competes with opioids at the receptor site in the brain
naloxone uses
reversal of opioid overdose
naloxone nursing considerations
have drug available if giving opioids, may cause withdrawal symptoms
methadone drug classes
therapeutic class: opioid analgesic
pharm class: long acting opioid agonist
methadone MOA
work in brain to desensitize multiple pain receptors, blocks craving and euphoria
methadone uses
uses to treat opioid disorder to facilitate medical withdrawal or chronic pain management
methadone nursing considerations
may be used to facilitate opioid withdrawal after ICU stay
can cause respiratory depression
usually given as a taper overtime
sumatriptan (Imitrex) drug classes
therapeutic class: vascular headache (migraine) support
pharm class: seratonin (5-HT) agonist
sumatriptan MOA
causes vasoconstriction of blood vessels in the head
sumatriptan uses
migraine treatment
sumatriptan nursing considerations
not preventative, do not use with history of myocardial infarction, do not give with ergotamine based meds
prednisone drug classes
therapeutic class: potent anti inflammatory
pharm: corticosteroid
prednisone MOA
decrease inflammation and suppress immune system
prednisone uses
allergic disorders, skin conditions, lupus, ulcerative colitis, Crohn’s, arthritis, psoriasis, asthma, COPD, etc
prednisone nursing considerations
may cause Cushing’s syndrome, no not use with active infections, causes GI distress
Seven S’s (swollen, sepsis, sugar, skinny, sight, slowly, stress)
