ANS Prototypes

Question 1

Atropine Drug classes

Answer 1

Therapeutic class: anti-arrythmic, bronchodialtor
Pharmacologic: anticholinegic (antimuscarinic)

Question 2

Atropine MOA

Answer 2

inhibits the effects of parasympathetic nervous system (increased heartrate, bronchodialation, decreased GU motility)

Question 3

Atropine uses:

Answer 3

preoperatively decrease GI and respiratory secretions, used for Asthma and COPD (bronchidialation), bradycardia

Question 4

Atropine nursing considerations

Answer 4

avoid in acute hemorrhage and glaucoma, monitor for tachycardia, may cause urinary retention in elders, may cause constipation

Question 5

Atropine side effects:

Answer 5

all from too much inhibition of Ach, and too much sympathetic effects

Question 6

bethanechol (Urecholine) drug classes:

Answer 6

therapeutic class: treatment of urinary retention
pharmacologic class: cholinergic, parasympathomimetic

Question 7

bethanechol MOA

Answer 7

directly stimulates muscarinic receptors; increasing the tone of the smooth muscle in the bladder; gives a contraction to empty the bladder

Question 8

bethanechol uses

Answer 8

post operative urinary retention, neurogenic bladder (spinal cord injury or shock)

Question 9

bethanechol nursing considerations

Answer 9

don’t give to someone with obstructive GI or bladder issue

Question 10

bethanechol adverse effects

Answer 10

increased salivation, sweating, abdominal cramping and hypotension (fainting)

Question 11

bethanechol contraindication

Answer 11

don’t give to pts w asthma, epilepsy, parkinsons, peptic ulcer disease, bradycardia

Question 12

phenylephrine drug classes

Answer 12

therapeutic class: nasal decongestant, antihypotensive, pharmacologic class: adrenergic drug (sympathomimmetic)

Question 13

phenylephrine action

Answer 13

selective, alpha-adrenergic agonist

Question 14

phenylephrine intranasal therapeutic effect

Answer 14

reduces nasal congestion by constricting small blood vessels in nasal mucosa

Question 15

phenylephrine intranasal contraindications

Answer 15

do not use for more than 5 days due to rebound congestion

Question 16

phenylephrine topical therapeutic effect

Answer 16

pupil dialation

Question 17

phenylephrine topical contraindications

Answer 17

do not use in those with narrow angle glaucoma

Question 18

phenylephrine parenteral therapeutic effect

Answer 18

can reverse hypotension due to spinal anesthesia or vascular shock, few cardiac side effects

Question 19

phenylephrine parenteral contraindications

Answer 19

those with advanced coronary artery disease, hypertension, or hyperthyroidism

Question 20

phenylephrine black box warning

Answer 20

do not use in IV
antidote: phentolamine (alpha-blocker), may treat hypertension

Question 21

prazosin (minipress) drug classes

Answer 21

Therapeutic class: antihyperintensive
Pharmacologic class: adrenergic-blocking drug

Question 22

prazosin actions

Answer 22

alpha 1 adrenergic antagonist that competes with NE at receptor on smooth muscle in arterioles and veins, rapid decrease in peripheral resistance to reduce BP

Question 23

prazosin adverse effects

Answer 23

can cause orthostatic hypotension, so should be given FIRST at bedtime, dizziness, drowsiness, lightheadednessl, reflex tachycardia could occur from drop in BP

Question 24

prazosin contraindications

Answer 24

antihyperintensives and diuretics