Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Therapeutics > Pain COPY > Flashcards

Pain COPY Flashcards

1
Q

What are some things that can cause people to be reluctant to report pain

A

fear of being viewed as weak or complainer
dont want to be bothersome
fear of administration methods for pain relievers
viewing pain as normal

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What does a pain assessment consist of

A

history of the pain

observation of behaviors, injuries, and secondary physiological responses to it

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are some things the nurse needs to be aware of when assessing pain

A

previous treatments and their effectiveness
when and what analgesics were lsat taken
other meds being taken
allergies to meds

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What data should be collected during an interview assessing pain

A 
location 
quality
intensity
pattern
onset precipitating factors 
alleviating factors 
effect on ADL's
associated symptoms
meaning
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is a question to ask for location

A

where is your discomfort

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What is a question to ask for quality

A

tell me what it feels like

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What is a question to ask for intensity

A

0-10 scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What is a question to ask for pattern

A

do you have pain free periods, if so how long do they last

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is a question to ask for onset

A

when did it start

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is a question to ask for alleviating factors

A

have you found anything that helps with the pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What is a question to ask for precipitating factors

A

Does anything trigger the pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is a question to ask for associated symptoms

A

Do you have any other symptoms before during or after the pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What is a question to ask for effect on ADL’s

A

How does the pain affect your daily activities

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What can the nurse do to ass pain for clients who cannot use a numerical scale

A

assess the level of pain based on the degree of interference with functioning

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What is the scale for pain based on functioning interference

A 
0 = no pain
2 = pain only when paying attention to it 
4 = can ignore pain and do things 
6 = cannot ignore pain, interferes
8 = impairs ability to function or concentrate
10 = incapacitating
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are good pain tests for patients who cannot use a numerical scale for pain

A

wong-baker faces rating scale

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What are some good pain tests for patients with chronic pain

A

Brief pain inventory (BPI)

short form McGill Pain Questionaire (SF-MPQ)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

What is a good pain test for children 2mo to 7yrs

A

FLACC

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

What are some physiological responses to acute pain

A

increased BP, HR, RR, pallor, diaphoresis, and pupil dilation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Are you more or less likely to see physiological reponses in people with chronic pain

A

no, bx of adaptation to the pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What is the framework for determinign pain in nonverbal patients

A

attempt to get a self-report
Consider potential causes
Observe behaviors
obtain info from fam members or cargivers if available
attempt an analgesic trial and observe changes in behavior

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What can be given to someone with chronic pain to help identify pain patterns and factors that mediate/exacerbate pain

A

a daily pain diary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What are some things that need to be recorded in a pain diary

A 
onset time 
activity or situation
quality 
intensity
emotions
any interventions
intensity after interventions
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

What are some nursing diagnoses for pain

A

acute and chronic pain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
What should the nurse include in the diagnostic statement for pain
the location and related factors (when available)
26
What else can pain be in the diagnosis
the etiology
27
What are some examples of pain as the etiology
Impaired physical mobility related to pain Ineffective airway clearance related to weak cough secondary to postoperative incisional abdominal pain Hopelessness related to feelings of continual pain
28
Before discharge, what data needs to be assessed
client knowledge and self care abilities for pain management Family/caregiver availability, skills, and willingness to help the degree of family role changes and coping resources available to the client
29
What are some things that should be taught for client teachign
skills for administrating meds non-pharmacologic techniques to reduce pain how to access community resources
30
Poor pain management can cause problem with
vitals like cardiac output and oxygen demand endocrine and metabolic response like increased cortisol, ADH, and insulin resistance Wound healing bx of decreased participation in therapy and immune system problems sleep
31
What are patient influences that can affect pain management
previous experiences- ask them if past pain meds worked Ability to communicate- use FLACC scale or a translator Gender and culture- ways of expression including differences between genders Addiction- may cause them to need a higher dose
32
What are some nurse influences that can affect pain management
Knowledge- of different types of meds and their properties Attitude- like biases Skill- judgement, observation/assessment skills, communication skills
33
During intervention, what is used to determine whether nonpharm or pharm pain management is needed
the WHO 3 step analgesic ladder
34
What is the first step in the 3 step ladder
For mild pain (1-3 on a 0-10 scale) | use nonopioid analgesics
35
When do you move to step two of the 3 step ladder
if the mild pain doesnt go away when using a full dose of meds or pain is reported between 4-6 on a 0-10 scale
36
What is done in the step two of the step ladder
use of an opioid like codeine or tramadol by themselves or in combination with a nonpharm intervention as well like oxycodone with acetaminophen
37
When do you use the 3 step of the 3 step ladder
pain of 4-6 doesnt go away with full dose or pain reported 7-10 on a 0-10 scale
38
What are some opioids that are used for step 3 on the 3 stap ladder
morphine hydromorphone fentanyl
39
What is a scale that can be used to assess the sedation level of a client receiving opioids
the pasero opioid-induced sedation scale
40
What are the rackings of the pasero opioid induced sedation scale
1- awake and alert 2- slightly drowsy and easily aroused 3- frequently drowsy, arousable, and drifts off to sleep during conversation 4- minimal or no response to physical stimulation
41
What are the common sideeffects of opioids
``` constipation sedation N/V Respiratory depression pruritus urinary retention ```
42
What are the three types of non-pharm pain management areas
physical cognitive-behavioral lifestyle
43
What are the physical non-pharm pain management modalities
heat/cold TENS acupuncture cutaneous stimulation (massage)
44
What are the cognitive-behavioral non-pharm pain management modalities
distraction relaxation techniques hypnosis emotional counceling
45
What are the lifestyle non-pharm pain management modalities
stress management exercise nutrition symptom monitoring
46
What is nociceptive pain
Pain directly from tissue damage
47
Patients with visceral pain often have more problems with
N/V
48
What is neuropathic pain
Pain that is related to damaged or malfunctioning nervous tissue in the peripheral and /or CNS
49
What is intractable pain
Pain for which there is no cure - cancer
50
What are some descriptor words for nociceptive pain
``` cramping crushing sharp throbbing tender pressing ```
51
What are some descriptor words for neuropathic pain
``` drilling numb burning shooting stabbing tingling ```
52
What are behavioral indicators of pain
``` Guarding Impaired thought processes Social withdrawal Introspection Altered time perception Moaning Crying Pacing, restlessness Mask of pain Diaphoresis, change in vital signs ```
53
What is visceral pain?
Pain arising from organs or hollow viscera and is often perceived in an area remote from the organ causing the pain
54
What are some sympathetic nervous system responses to acute pain?
``` Increased pulse rate Increased Respiratory rate Elevated blood pressure Diaphoresis- sweating Dilated pupils ```
55
What are some parasympathetic nervous system responses to chronic pain?
Dry, warm skin Pupils normal or dilated Vital Signs are Normal
56
What does Hyperalgesia/Hyperpathia mean? What's one example?
Heightened responses to a painful stimuli. | Extreme pain response to paper cut
57
What does allodynia mean? What's one example?
Non-painful stimuli that produces pain. | Wind blowing on face produces pain.
58
What is dysesthesia?
An unpleasant abnormal sensation.
59
How is pain perceived through nociception?
Nociceptors are activated when signals are transduced and transmitted to the spine and brain where the signals are modified before they are processed and "felt."
60
African Americans: Beliefs about Pain and How They React to It?
Pain and Suffering is part of life and must be endured Some may deny or avoid dealing with pain Some believe prayer will free a person from pain
61
Hispanic/Latino: Beliefs about Pain and How They React to It?
Enduring pain is a sign of strength
62
Asian Americans: Beliefs about Pain and How They React to It?
Chinese culture values silence and may be quiet when in pain Japanese may be stoic and may even refuse pain medication Filipino clients may believe that pain must be endured and not expressed Buddhist view pain as bringing oneself to a higher state of being
63
Arab Americans: Beliefs about Pain and How They React to It?
Pain is regarded as unpleasant and they anticipate immediate relief Expressive, Emotional and Vocal responses to pain
64
What are some painful disorders that women get that we should consider?
HA, Fibromyalgia, Lupus, and Menstrual related disorders
65
What are some painful disorders that men get that we should consider?
Pain related to occupation, burns, post trauma pain
66
What groups are frequently under treated for pain compared to adult males?
Very young, very old, women, and ethnic minorities

Therapeutics (41 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions