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Therapeutics > Fecal Elimination > Flashcards

Fecal Elimination Flashcards

1
Q

What type of stool do newborns produce?

A

Meconium- first fecal material normally up to 24 hours after birth; Black, tarry, Odorless, and Sticky

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2
Q

What does clay or white colored feces indicate?

  • Black or Tarry
  • Red
  • Pale
  • Orange or Green
A
  • Absence of bile pigment (bile obstruction)
  • Drug
  • Blood
  • Malabsorption of fats
  • Intestinal Infection
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3
Q

What is necessary in a diet to provide fecal volume?

A

Cellulose and Insoluble Fibers

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4
Q

What is Oliguria?

A

Urination less than 500mL/day or 30mL/hour

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5
Q

What is Diresis?

A

Excessive Urination

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6
Q

What is Polydipsia?

A

Abnormally increased thirst and increased urination

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7
Q

What is Anuria?

A

Nonpassage of urine, defined as less than 100mL/day

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8
Q

What is Frequency?

What is Urgency?

A
  • Need to urinate more often than usual

- Sudden or compelling urge to urinate

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9
Q

What is Dysuria?

A

Difficulty to urinate; can be painful

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10
Q

What is Enuresis?

A

Involuntary Discharge of Urine (Incontinence of Urine)

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11
Q

What are the different types of incontinence and what causes urination in each one?

A

Stress: cough/laugh/sneeze
Urge: urgent need, unable to stop
Mixed Urge: Urge + Stress
Overflow: Prostate, Neurogenic Bladder

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12
Q

How can regular activity effect bowel movements?

A

Stimulates Peristalsis

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13
Q

What psychological factors can effect BMs?

A

Anger, Anxiousness, and Depression can slow intestinal motility and decrease BM

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14
Q

What is fecal impaction?

A

Mass or collection of Hardened Feces in the folds of the rectum, results from prolonged retention

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15
Q

What will a patient with fecal impaction experience?

A

Fecal Seepage (Diarrhea) and no normal stool

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16
Q

What is the difference between partial and major bowel/fecal incontinence?

A

Partial bowel incontinence is the inability to control flatus or to prevent minor soiling
Major bowel incontinence is the inability to control feces of normal consistency.

17
Q

What things can you do to treat diarrhea?

A
  • Bland food
  • Eating small amounts because it’s absorbed easier
  • Avoid Hot and Cold Fluids because they stimulate Peristalsis
  • Avoid Highly Spiced and High in Fiber Foods
18
Q

What things can you do to treat Constipation?

A
  • Increased daily fluid intake
  • Drink hot liquids, warm water with lemon, and prune juice
  • Includes fiber in diet in foods such as raw fruit, bran products, and whole grain cereals and bread
19
Q

What are cathartics?

A

Drugs that induce defecation?

20
Q

What is one reason you wouldn’t give anti-diarrheal medication to a patient?

A

Don’t give the patient anti-diarrheal medication if they have a bacterial or viral infection, because that’ll make you hold the virus or bacteria inside the gut

21
Q

What are some complications when using antidiarrheal medicine?

A
  • Long term use can produce dependence
  • If the diarrhea persists more than 3-4 days you must treat the underlying cause or else it’d prolong it
  • Can cause drowsiness so don’t operate heavy machinery
  • Pepto-Bismol may contain asprin and should not be given to children and teenagers with viral infections
22
Q

What do antidiarrheal medications do?

A

Slows the motility of the intestine or absorb excess fluid in the intestine

23
Q

What is an enema and what does it do?

A

An enema is a solution introduced into the rectum used to distend the intestine to increase peristalsis and and excretion of feces

24
Q

What are cleansing enemas and what are some of the reasons they are used for?

A

Used to remove feces

  • prevent the escape of feces during surgery
  • Prepare the intestine for certain diagnositc tests
  • Remove feces in instances of constipation of impaction
25
Q

Why are Carminative Enemas and Return-Flow Enemas given?

A

Given primarily to expel flatus

26
Q

Why are Retention Enemas given?

A

Introduces oil or medication into the rectum and sigmoid colon to lubricate the rectum to help the passage of the feces

27
Q

What is Digital Removal (Disimpaction)? What should be done to prepare beforehand and what should be done afterwards?

A

Involves breaking up the fecal mass digitally and removing it in portions

  • Oil Retention Enemas should be given 30 minutes Digital Removal
  • Remove remaining feces with a cleansing enema or suppository afterwards
28
Q

What can you do for clients who have chronic constipation, frequent impactions, or fecal intcontinence? What are some of the factors involved?

A

Bowel Training Program

  • food and fluid intake
  • exercise
  • defecation habits
29
Q

What are Fecal Incontinence Pouch? What is it’s purpose?

A
  • They collect and contain lrge volumes of liquid feces and is placed around the anal area.
  • Prevent progressive perianal skin irritation and breakdown

Therapeutics (41 decks)

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