Medications pg 758--780 Flashcards by Nick Wrobel

What are the advantages of oral meds

safe

most convenient

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What are the disadvantages of oral meds

unpleasant taste
inappropriate for clients with N/V or dysphagia
may damage teeth

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What are the advantages of sublingual meds

same as oral but its more potent and it can be used for a local effect

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What are the disadvantages of sublingual

if accidentally swallow, it may be inactivated by stomach

can cause irritation to the mucous membranes

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What are the advantages of buccal

same as sublingual

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What are the disadvantages of buccal

same as sublingual

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What are the advantages of rectal

can be used when the drug has a bad taste
the drug has a slow steady release
can provide local effects

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What are the disadvantages of rectal

the amount of the drug absorbed in unpredictable

unpleasant for clients

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What are the advantages of vaginal

has local effect

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What are the disadvantages of vaginal

its messy

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What are the advantages of topical

few side effects

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What are the disadvantages of topical

can enter the body if their is a break in the skin and cause systemic effects
leaves residue on the skin

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What are the advantages of transdermal

long systemic effects

few side effects

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What are the disadvantages of transdermal

rate of delivery is variable

overdosing can happen if the old patch isn’t removed

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What are the advvantages of subcutaneous

absorption is slower

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What are the disadvantages of subcutaneous

needs to be sterile because it breaks the skin barrier
can only administer small volumes
can produce anxiety

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What are some advantages of intramuscular

rapidly absorbed

can administer more than subQ

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What are some disadvantages of intramuscular

breaks skin barrier

can cause anxiety

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What are some advantages of intradermal

absorption is slow

What are some disadvantages of intradermal

can only administer small volumes

breaks skin barrier

What are some advantages of IV

rapid effect

What are some disadvantages of IV

the drugs need to mostly be highly soluble

the drugs distribution is inhibited by poor circulation

what are some advantages of inhalation

rapid localzed effect

can be administered to unconscious patients

What are some disadvantages of inhalation

drugs that are intended for local effect can have systemic effects
only for the respiratory system

Which drugs are considered parenteral route

subQ IV IM Intradermal

What is a stat order

the med should be given immediately and only once

What is a single order

meds given once at a specific time

What is a standing order

an order that may or may not have a termination date

What is a prn order

med is given when it is needed

What are the unacceptable of abbreviations | For this card the words on the right of the dash are the correct ways to document it

``` IU- international units U or u - unit QD or qd - daily QOD or qod - every other day Trailing zeros Lack of a leading zero MS - morphine sulfate MSO4 or MgSO4- magnesium sulfate greater than less than @- at cc- ml ug- mcg or micrograms TIW- three time a week HS- at bedtime SC or SQ- subq or subcutaneous ```

What are the essential parts of a drug order

``` full name of the client date and time the order was written name of the drug to be administered dosage of the drug frequency of administration route of administration signature of the person who wrote the order ```

What are the steps the nurse should take when judging a primary care providers med order as innappropriate

contact the PCP and tell them your rationale for believing its inappropriate Document the following: when the provider was notified, what you said to them, and how they responded if PCP cant be reached, document all attempts to reach them and reason for withholding the med if someone else gives med, document information of the client before and after admin

1 oz is how many mL

1 kg is how many lbs

2.2kg

What are some physiological changes that are associated with aging that influence medication administration and effectiveness

Altered memory Slower GI absorption Decreased renal and liver function decreased visual acuity

What are some developmental considerations for drug administration for infants and children

they may view it as scary or they may dislike the taste of the med

What are some developmental considerations for adults and elderly

Altered memory Slower GI absorption Decreased renal and liver function decreased visual acuity

What are some lifespan considerations for infants for oral medications

can be administered with a syringe, cup, spoon, medication nipple, and mixed into food never mix into essential foods

Why should you never mix oral medications with the essential foods for infants

they may associate bad memories with that food and avoid it later in life

What are some lifespan considerations for children for oral medications

mix meds with sweetened substances when possible give them a choice between spoon, dropper, or syringe dont use essential foods

What are some lifespan considerations for older adults for oral medications

consider physiological changes they usually require smaller doses dont use baby talk

What are two things that the client can have for administering medication when they are NPO

nasogastric tube | gastrostomy tube

What are some practice guidelines for administering drugs by nasogastric or gastrostomy tubes

if meds arent liquid see if they can be crushed if they can, crush into a fine powder and dissolve in at least 30 mL of warm sterile water assess tube placement before administering before giving meds, measure clients residual volume and check hospital policy if it is over 100mL Flush the tube with 15-30mL of sterile water before administering the medications

What are the three parts of a syringe

tip barrel plunger

A hypodermic syringe comes in what size

3 or 5 mL