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Therapeutics > Medications pg 758--780 > Flashcards

Medications pg 758--780 Flashcards

1
Q

What are the advantages of oral meds

A

safe

most convenient

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2
Q

What are the disadvantages of oral meds

A

unpleasant taste
inappropriate for clients with N/V or dysphagia
may damage teeth

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3
Q

What are the advantages of sublingual meds

A

same as oral but its more potent and it can be used for a local effect

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4
Q

What are the disadvantages of sublingual

A

if accidentally swallow, it may be inactivated by stomach

can cause irritation to the mucous membranes

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5
Q

What are the advantages of buccal

A

same as sublingual

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6
Q

What are the disadvantages of buccal

A

same as sublingual

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7
Q

What are the advantages of rectal

A

can be used when the drug has a bad taste
the drug has a slow steady release
can provide local effects

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8
Q

What are the disadvantages of rectal

A

the amount of the drug absorbed in unpredictable

unpleasant for clients

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9
Q

What are the advantages of vaginal

A

has local effect

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10
Q

What are the disadvantages of vaginal

A

its messy

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11
Q

What are the advantages of topical

A

few side effects

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12
Q

What are the disadvantages of topical

A

can enter the body if their is a break in the skin and cause systemic effects
leaves residue on the skin

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13
Q

What are the advantages of transdermal

A

long systemic effects

few side effects

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14
Q

What are the disadvantages of transdermal

A

rate of delivery is variable

overdosing can happen if the old patch isn’t removed

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15
Q

What are the advvantages of subcutaneous

A

absorption is slower

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16
Q

What are the disadvantages of subcutaneous

A

needs to be sterile because it breaks the skin barrier
can only administer small volumes
can produce anxiety

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17
Q

What are some advantages of intramuscular

A

rapidly absorbed

can administer more than subQ

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18
Q

What are some disadvantages of intramuscular

A

breaks skin barrier

can cause anxiety

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19
Q

What are some advantages of intradermal

A

absorption is slow

20
Q

What are some disadvantages of intradermal

A

can only administer small volumes

breaks skin barrier

21
Q

What are some advantages of IV

A

rapid effect

22
Q

What are some disadvantages of IV

A

the drugs need to mostly be highly soluble

the drugs distribution is inhibited by poor circulation

23
Q

what are some advantages of inhalation

A

rapid localzed effect

can be administered to unconscious patients

24
Q

What are some disadvantages of inhalation

A

drugs that are intended for local effect can have systemic effects
only for the respiratory system

25
Q

Which drugs are considered parenteral route

A

subQ
IV
IM
Intradermal

26
Q

What is a stat order

A

the med should be given immediately and only once

27
Q

What is a single order

A

meds given once at a specific time

28
Q

What is a standing order

A

an order that may or may not have a termination date

29
Q

What is a prn order

A

med is given when it is needed

30
Q

What are the unacceptable of abbreviations

For this card the words on the right of the dash are the correct ways to document it

A 
IU- international units
U or u - unit 
QD or qd - daily 
QOD or qod - every other day 
Trailing zeros
Lack of a leading zero 
MS - morphine sulfate
MSO4 or MgSO4- magnesium sulfate
greater than less than 
@- at
cc- ml
ug- mcg or micrograms 
TIW- three time a week 
HS- at bedtime 
SC or SQ- subq or subcutaneous
31
Q

What are the essential parts of a drug order

A 
full name of the client 
date and time the order was written 
name of the drug to be administered 
dosage of the drug 
frequency of administration 
route of administration
signature of the person who wrote the order
32
Q

What are the steps the nurse should take when judging a primary care providers med order as innappropriate

A

contact the PCP and tell them your rationale for believing its inappropriate
Document the following: when the provider was notified, what you said to them, and how they responded
if PCP cant be reached, document all attempts to reach them and reason for withholding the med
if someone else gives med, document information of the client before and after admin

33
Q

1 oz is how many mL

A

30

34
Q

1 kg is how many lbs

A

2.2kg

35
Q

What are some physiological changes that are associated with aging that influence medication administration and effectiveness

A

Altered memory
Slower GI absorption
Decreased renal and liver function
decreased visual acuity

36
Q

What are some developmental considerations for drug administration for infants and children

A

they may view it as scary or they may dislike the taste of the med

37
Q

What are some developmental considerations for adults and elderly

A

Altered memory
Slower GI absorption
Decreased renal and liver function
decreased visual acuity

38
Q

What are some lifespan considerations for infants for oral medications

A

can be administered with a syringe, cup, spoon, medication nipple, and mixed into food
never mix into essential foods

39
Q

Why should you never mix oral medications with the essential foods for infants

A

they may associate bad memories with that food and avoid it later in life

40
Q

What are some lifespan considerations for children for oral medications

A

mix meds with sweetened substances when possible
give them a choice between spoon, dropper, or syringe
dont use essential foods

41
Q

What are some lifespan considerations for older adults for oral medications

A

consider physiological changes
they usually require smaller doses
dont use baby talk

42
Q

What are two things that the client can have for administering medication when they are NPO

A

nasogastric tube

gastrostomy tube

43
Q

What are some practice guidelines for administering drugs by nasogastric or gastrostomy tubes

A

if meds arent liquid see if they can be crushed
if they can, crush into a fine powder and dissolve in at least 30 mL of warm sterile water
assess tube placement before administering
before giving meds, measure clients residual volume and check hospital policy if it is over 100mL
Flush the tube with 15-30mL of sterile water before administering the medications

44
Q

What are the three parts of a syringe

A

tip
barrel
plunger

45
Q

A hypodermic syringe comes in what size

A

3 or 5 mL

Therapeutics (41 decks)

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