Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Paeds AM > Paediatric oncology > Flashcards

Paediatric oncology Flashcards

1
Q

What are the most common childhood cancers?

A

Leukaemias- ALL and AML

Brain and CNS tumours

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What are the possible complications of cancer in children?

A 
Tumour lysis syndrome
Superior vena cava/superior mediastinal syndrome
Spinal cord compression
Raised ICP
Febrile neutropenia
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the features of tumour lysis syndrome?

A

Increased K, rate and phosphate
Decreased Ca
Acute renal failure

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What is the management of tumour lysis syndrome?

A

Dialysis
NEVER give potassium
Decrease uric acid and K

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

What is SVC/superior mediastinal syndrome?

A

Mediastinal tumour compresses SVC or tumour

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What type of cancer most commonly causes SVC/superior mediastinal syndrome?

A

Lymphoma

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the clinical features of SVC syndrome?

A 
oedema
Cyanosis
Distended veins
Ill, anxious
Reduced GCS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the features if superior mediastinal syndrome?

A

Compression of trachea
Dyspnoea
Tachypnoea
Wheeze, cough

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What investigations should be done for SVC/superior mediastinal syndrome?

A

CXR/CT chest

Echo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the management of SVC/superior mediastinal syndrome?

A

Keep upright and calm
Urgent biopsy
Urgent referral
- chemo, steroids

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

hat are the clinical features of spinal cord compression?

A

Weakness
Pain
Sensory disturbance
Sphincter disturbance

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What is the management of spinal cord compression?

A

Urgent MRI
Start dexamethasone
Definitive treatment- chemo, sometimes surgery or radio

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Why start dexamethasone in spinal cord compression?

A

Reduce peri-tumour oedema

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are the early features of raised ICP

A

Early morning headache
Tense fontanelle
Increasing haematocrit

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are the late features of raised ICP?

A 
Constant headache
papilloedema
Diplopia
Loss of uptake
Stiff neck
Status epilepticus
Reduced GCS
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What investigations are done for raised ICP?

A

CT/MRI

17
Q

What is the management of raised ICP?

A

Dexamethasone

Surgery- ventriculostomy, external ventricular drain, VP shunt

18
Q

Why is dexamethasone started in raised ICP?

A

Reduce oedema dn increase CSF flow

19
Q

What organisms can cause febrile neutropenia?

A 
Pseudomonas aeroginosa
Enterobacteria
Enterococci
Strep pneumonia
Staph
Fungi
20
Q

What are the risk factors for febrile neutropenia?

A

Indwelling central line
Mucosal inflammation
High dose chemo

21
Q

What are the clinical features of febrile neutropenia?

A

Fever
Rigors
Drowsiness
Shock

22
Q

What investigations are done for febrile neutropenia?

A

Blood culture
FBC, U&E, LFTs, CRP, lactate
CXR

23
Q

What is the management of febrile neutropenia?

A

ABC

Broad spec antibiotics

Paeds AM (19 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions