(P) Lesson 4: Blood Collection Equipment, Additives, and Order of Draw Flashcards
1
Q
What is the primary duty of a phlebotomist?
A
To collect blood specimen of samples
2
Q
What are the methods of blood collection?
A
Venipuncture
Capillary Puncture or Skin Puncture
Arterial Puncture
3
Q
Most commonly used method for blood collection
A
Venipuncture
4
Q
collect the blood of the patient using
his or her vein
A
Venipuncture
5
Q
collect blood from the capillaries; combination of blood from veins and arteries
A
Capillary Puncture/Skin Puncture
6
Q
collects blood from the arteries
A
Arterial Puncture
7
Q
Who can only perform arterial puncture?
A
Respiratory therapist
Physicians
8
Q
where phlebotomy procedures are
performed
A
Blood Drawing Station
9
Q
Other name that refers to blood drawing section
A
Phlebotomy section/area
10
Q
T or F; Phlebotomists are common in PH
A
False (they are not common here because Medtech and other medpractitioners perform phlebotomy)
11
Q
These are eeded for the proper positioning of the patient because sudden position change could the result of whatever you’re going to test from what you’ve collected
A
Phlebotomy chairs
12
Q
Makes blood collection equipment portable
A
Equipment carriers
13
Q
Two types of equipment carriers
A
Handheld carriers
Phlebotomy carts
14
Q
Easily carried; Contain enough equipment for
numerous blood draw
A
Handheld carriers
15
Q
Gliding carts made up of steel or
synthetic material; Shelves carrying adequate supplies for many patients
A
Phlebotomy carts
16
Q
Tackle box is an example of what equipment carrier
A
Handheld carriers
16
Q
Tackle box is an example of what equipment carrier
A
Handheld carriers
17
Q
T or F; you can bring phlebotomy carts inside the patient room
A
False (Not in the room, hallway only, to
prevent nosocomial infection)
18
Q
These are used as a hand barrier to prevent contamination during the phlebotomy
A
Gloves and glove liners
19
Q
T or F; gloves should only be one pair for each patient
A
True
20
Q
These are nonsterile, disposable latex, nitrile,
neoprene, polyethylene and vinyl
A
Gloves and glove liners
21
Q
available for person with
allergies or dermatitis (glove liner)
A
Special gloves
22
Q
T or F; Gloves with powder are recommended to use
A
False (not recommended
because the powder inside the gloves can be
a source of contamination and at the same,
that could be the cause of allergy)
23
Q
Substances that are used to prevent sepsis
A
Antiseptics
24
T or F; Antiseptics dont just prevent or inhibit growth and development but also kill them
False (They dont kill them)
25
most commonly used antiseptic
70% Isopropyl alcohol
26
Antiseptic used for routine blood collection
70% Isopropyl alcohol
27
Antiseptic that refers to traditional iodine
Povidone Iodine
28
Antiseptic most commonly used for culture and sensitivity
Povidone Iodine
29
Chemical substances used to remove or kill
microorganisms on surface and instruments
Disinfectants
30
T or F; Disinfectants are commended to use in the body because they are not corrosive and they are safe for human skin
False (they are corrosive and not sfae)
31
Commonly used disinfectant found in household
Sodium hypochlorite
32
Ratio of sodium hypochlorite dilution for nonporous surface
1:100
33
Ratio of sodium hypochlorite dilution for large amount of blood
1:10
34
Contact time for sodium hypochlorite
10 minutes
35
T or F; Fresh bleach solution
should be made daily or as needed
True
36
Refers to two methods of hand sanitizing
Routine decontamination and usage of Detergent containing wipes
37
Refers to alcohol based sanitizers as a substitute for handwashing, provided that your hand is not visibly soiled
Routine decontamination
38
Hand sanitizer used for visibly soiled hand and there’s no hand washing facilities
Detergent containing wipes
39
Size of gauze pad
2x2 inches
40
T or F; Gauze pads are more recommended than cotton balls
True
41
These are applied to hold the pressure at the puncture site
Gauze pads
42
Used to cover a blood collection site after the
bleeding has stopped
Bandages
43
T or F; Adhesive bandages should be used on babies younger than 2 years old
False (They shouldnt; causes aspiration and suffocation)
44
in PH, we don’t have bandages, but rather we
have the so-called ___________
Micropore tapes
45
This is where you place used needles, lancets, and other sharp objects
Needles and Sharps Disposal Containers
46
These should be leakproof plastic bags and has a biohazard symbol and outside pocket
Biohazard bags
47
used to make blood films and is commonly
used for hematology determination/section
Slides
48
phlebotomist should always carry an this to label the
tubes
indelible or
permanent non-smear ink pen
49
Used to accurately determine specimen collection time and time certain tests
Watch
50
Three different methods of venipuncture
Syringe method
Butterfly infusion method
Vacutainer/ETS method
51
Inspecting organ by passing light through its
wall; it shines a red or an infrared red light to the patient’s subcutaneous tissue to highlight
the veins
Portable transilluminaton devices
52
Constrict the flow of blood; Makes the vein more prominent
Torniquet
53
What is the torniquet site relative to the puncture site
3 - 4 inches above it
54
T or F; Torniquet application can be more than 1 min
False mhie
55
T or F; Blood pressure cuff can be an alternative for torniquet
True (for obese, pediatric, and geriatric patients)
56
Type of needle used in syringe system
Hypodermic
57
Refers to opening of the upper
part of the needle
Bevel
58
Refers to long cylindrical portion of
the needle
Shaft
59
Refers to end of the needle that
attaches to the blood collection
or to the syringe
Hub
60
Refers to the internal
space of the needle
Lumen
61
Refers to diameter of the lumen of the needle
Cage
62
Commonly used gauge for syringe
20 - 21 g
63
Syringe needle gauge for blood collection
21 and 22
64
Gauge used for children
23 g
65
Gauge used for butterfly infusion/needle
21 - 23 g and 25
66
Color coding for needle gauges; yellow is for?
20
67
Color coding for needle gauges; green is for?
21
68
Color coding for needle gauges; black is for?
22
69
Color coding for needle gauges; blue is for?
23
70
Color coding for needle gauges; orange is for?
25
71
Color coding for needle gauges; brown is for?
26
72
performed just in case the needle
has no safety cap or safety feature
Fishing out
73
Parts of syringe
Graduated barrel and plunger
74
Used for fragile, thin, or “rolly” veins that tend
to collapse
Syringe
75
used for transferring blood from syringe going to the tube safely
Transfer device
76
Short needle with a thin tube with attached
plastic wings
Butterfly method system (Winged infusion sets)
77
Used for infants and children and patients
with fragile veins (cancer patients)
Butterfly method/system
78
The plastic wings allow us to insert the
needle in a shallow angle with _______
degrees only
10 to 15 degrees
79
What gauge is the most commonly used gauge for butterfly method?
23 guage
80
What gauge is used when doing a butterfly method in the scalp or tiny veins of premature infants and
neonates?
25 gauge
81
Of all the venipuncture method, this is the preferred method of blood collection
Evacuated Tube System
82
Allows one to collect numerous blood sample in the tube with a single venipuncture
ETS
83
The three materials needed in the ETS are?
Needle (Multi-sample aka Double-pointed)
Tube holder/needle adapter/plastic holder
Evacuated tubes
84
Length of multi-sample needles
1 to 1.5 inches
85
T or F; In ETS, the bevel of the multi-sample needle should be facing downward
False (upward)
86
Help place and remove tubes through
its flanges in ETS
Tube Holder/Needle Adapter
87
Two sizes of tube holder/needle adapter in ETS
Pediatric and Adult
88
These are made up by Sodalime, Borosilicate glass or plastic
Evacuated collection tubes
89
Refers to the ability of the evacuated tubes to pull air from the tube
Vacuum
90
T or F: Tubes fill blood all the way to the stopper
False
91
Component in evacuated tubes that preserve a specific blood constituent
Tube additives
92
Four types of tube additives
Anticoagulants
Anti-glycolytic
Clot activators
Thixotropic gel separators
93
Interrupts the process of coagulation
Anticoagulants
94
Additive that prevents glycolysis
Anti-glycolytic
95
Additives that activate clot formation
Clot activators
96
Additives that have presence of a certain gel that aids in the separation of serum from the cell
Thixotropic gel separators
97
Actiosn that anticoagulant do
Chelatetes or precipitates Calcium
Inhibits thrombin activity
98
Most common anticoagulants used are:
EDTA
Citrate
Heparin
Oxalate
99
Anticoagulant; purple or pink stopper
EDTA
100
EDTA; how many inversions?
8 to 10 (8 minimum)
101
EDTA is used in?
Hematology test and Blood Bank
102
Anticoagulant; combines calcium in a non-ionized form
Citrate
103
Ratio concentration of citrate per parts of blood
1:9
104
Anticoagulant used in coagulation studies
Citrate
105
Sodium citate in black stoppers are used for
ESR
106
Ideal unioversal anticoagulant
Heparin
107
Heparin is also called?
Mucoitin Polysulfuric acid
108
Anticoagulant; Acts as antithrombin and
antithromboplastin
Heparin
108
Naturally occurring anticoagulant
Heparin
109
Anticoagulant; light blue stopper
Citrate
110
Anticoagulant; green stopper
Heparin
111
Heparin; how many inversions?
8 - 10 (8 minimum)
112
Anticoagulant; Used in Blood Gas Analysis, Chemistry test (Stat request e.g., Electrolytes), situation that needs a fast turnaround time
Heparin
113
Anticoagulant: Combines with Calcium to
form an insoluble salt.
Oxolates
114
Temperature sensitive anticoagulant
Oxolates
115
Anticoagulant; black stopper
Oxolates
edit: flouride can also exist in black used for ESR
116
Oxolates; how many inversions
8 times
117
Anticoagulant; used in Hematology (CBC, Hgb and Hct)
Oxolates
118
Anti-glycolytic; Inhibits the glycolytic enzyme enolase and calcium
Flouride
119
Antiglycolytic; also considered as weak anticoagulant
Flouride
120
Antiglycolytic; gray stopper
Flouride
121
Anti-glyoclytic; for blood culture section, microbio section
Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS)
122
SPS; How many inversions
8
123
Antiglycolytic; yellow stopper
Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate
124
Antiglycolytic;
Action:
▪ Anti-coagulant
▪ Anti-complementary (reducing
action that target the bacteria)
▪ Anti-phagocytic (slows down
the phagocytosis)
▪ Neutralizes aminoglycoside
(antibiotic)
Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate
125
Clot activator; help isolate/ separate
the serum to cell composition
Serum Separatior Tube
126
Clot activator; gold top/stopper
Serum Separator Tube
127
Clot activator; Helps isolate or separate
plasma to the cell component
Plasma Separator Tube
128
Clot activator; white top stopper
Plasma Separator Tube
129
What color is the stopper of nonadditive tubes?
Red
130
T or F; Nonadditive tubes yield plasma sample
False (Serum)
131
Recite the order of draw (sorry for this ;P)
“Stop, Light is Red. Green Light, Go. “
“Stop, Light is Red, Stay Put. Green Light, Go.”
1. Sterile blood culture tubes – Yellow stopper
2. Coagulation tubes – Light blue stopper
3. Serum tube / Plain tube – Red stopper
4. Heparin tube – Green stopper
5. EDTA tube – Lavender / Purple stopper
6. Anti-glycolytic tube / Fluoride – Gray stopper
132
Occurs when:
▪ Blood in additive tube touches the needle
during ETS blood collection
▪ When blood is transferred from a syringe
into ETS tube
Carry Over/Cross contamination
133
Blood collection tube and collection apparatus
combined in a single unit
Combination system
134
Aka Capillary puncture or Microsampling or
Microcollection
Skin puncture
135
Length of lancet in skin puncture
1.75 mm
136
Deep of incision in infants and children in skin puncture
less than 2mm
137
Deep of incision in adults in skin puncture
less than 2.5mm
138
Distance from skin surface to bone or cartilage in skin punctue
1.5 to 2.44 mm
139
People who can benefit in skin puncture are:
▪ Pediatric children- sample volume limited
▪ Obese patients
▪ Chemotherapeutic patients
▪ Burn patients
140
Types of lancets in skin puncture
Non-retractable and retractable lancets
