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PMLS 2 > (P) Lesson 4: Blood Collection Equipment, Additives, and Order of Draw > Flashcards

(P) Lesson 4: Blood Collection Equipment, Additives, and Order of Draw Flashcards

1
Q

What is the primary duty of a phlebotomist?

A

To collect blood specimen of samples

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2
Q

What are the methods of blood collection?

A

Venipuncture
Capillary Puncture or Skin Puncture
Arterial Puncture

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3
Q

Most commonly used method for blood collection

A

Venipuncture

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4
Q

collect the blood of the patient using
his or her vein

A

Venipuncture

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5
Q

collect blood from the capillaries; combination of blood from veins and arteries

A

Capillary Puncture/Skin Puncture

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6
Q

collects blood from the arteries

A

Arterial Puncture

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7
Q

Who can only perform arterial puncture?

A

Respiratory therapist
Physicians

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8
Q

where phlebotomy procedures are
performed

A

Blood Drawing Station

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9
Q

Other name that refers to blood drawing section

A

Phlebotomy section/area

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10
Q

T or F; Phlebotomists are common in PH

A

False (they are not common here because Medtech and other medpractitioners perform phlebotomy)

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11
Q

These are eeded for the proper positioning of the patient because sudden position change could the result of whatever you’re going to test from what you’ve collected

A

Phlebotomy chairs

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12
Q

Makes blood collection equipment portable

A

Equipment carriers

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13
Q

Two types of equipment carriers

A

Handheld carriers
Phlebotomy carts

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14
Q

Easily carried; Contain enough equipment for
numerous blood draw

A

Handheld carriers

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15
Q

Gliding carts made up of steel or
synthetic material; Shelves carrying adequate supplies for many patients

A

Phlebotomy carts

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16
Q

Tackle box is an example of what equipment carrier

A

Handheld carriers

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16
Q

Tackle box is an example of what equipment carrier

A

Handheld carriers

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17
Q

T or F; you can bring phlebotomy carts inside the patient room

A

False (Not in the room, hallway only, to
prevent nosocomial infection)

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18
Q

These are used as a hand barrier to prevent contamination during the phlebotomy

A

Gloves and glove liners

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19
Q

T or F; gloves should only be one pair for each patient

A

True

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20
Q

These are nonsterile, disposable latex, nitrile,
neoprene, polyethylene and vinyl

A

Gloves and glove liners

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21
Q

available for person with
allergies or dermatitis (glove liner)

A

Special gloves

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22
Q

T or F; Gloves with powder are recommended to use

A

False (not recommended
because the powder inside the gloves can be
a source of contamination and at the same,
that could be the cause of allergy)

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23
Q

Substances that are used to prevent sepsis

A

Antiseptics

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24
Q

T or F; Antiseptics dont just prevent or inhibit growth and development but also kill them

A

False (They dont kill them)

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25
Q

most commonly used antiseptic

A

70% Isopropyl alcohol

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26
Q

Antiseptic used for routine blood collection

A

70% Isopropyl alcohol

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27
Q

Antiseptic that refers to traditional iodine

A

Povidone Iodine

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28
Q

Antiseptic most commonly used for culture and sensitivity

A

Povidone Iodine

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29
Q

Chemical substances used to remove or kill
microorganisms on surface and instruments

A

Disinfectants

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30
Q

T or F; Disinfectants are commended to use in the body because they are not corrosive and they are safe for human skin

A

False (they are corrosive and not sfae)

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31
Q

Commonly used disinfectant found in household

A

Sodium hypochlorite

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32
Q

Ratio of sodium hypochlorite dilution for nonporous surface

A

1:100

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33
Q

Ratio of sodium hypochlorite dilution for large amount of blood

A

1:10

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34
Q

Contact time for sodium hypochlorite

A

10 minutes

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35
Q

T or F; Fresh bleach solution
should be made daily or as needed

A

True

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36
Q

Refers to two methods of hand sanitizing

A

Routine decontamination and usage of Detergent containing wipes

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37
Q

Refers to alcohol based sanitizers as a substitute for handwashing, provided that your hand is not visibly soiled

A

Routine decontamination

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38
Q

Hand sanitizer used for visibly soiled hand and there’s no hand washing facilities

A

Detergent containing wipes

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39
Q

Size of gauze pad

A

2x2 inches

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40
Q

T or F; Gauze pads are more recommended than cotton balls

A

True

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41
Q

These are applied to hold the pressure at the puncture site

A

Gauze pads

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42
Q

Used to cover a blood collection site after the
bleeding has stopped

A

Bandages

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43
Q

T or F; Adhesive bandages should be used on babies younger than 2 years old

A

False (They shouldnt; causes aspiration and suffocation)

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44
Q

in PH, we don’t have bandages, but rather we
have the so-called ___________

A

Micropore tapes

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45
Q

This is where you place used needles, lancets, and other sharp objects

A

Needles and Sharps Disposal Containers

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46
Q

These should be leakproof plastic bags and has a biohazard symbol and outside pocket

A

Biohazard bags

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47
Q

used to make blood films and is commonly
used for hematology determination/section

A

Slides

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48
Q

phlebotomist should always carry an this to label the
tubes

A

indelible or
permanent non-smear ink pen

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49
Q

Used to accurately determine specimen collection time and time certain tests

A

Watch

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50
Q

Three different methods of venipuncture

A

Syringe method
Butterfly infusion method
Vacutainer/ETS method

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51
Q

Inspecting organ by passing light through its
wall; it shines a red or an infrared red light to the patient’s subcutaneous tissue to highlight
the veins

A

Portable transilluminaton devices

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52
Q

Constrict the flow of blood; Makes the vein more prominent

A

Torniquet

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53
Q

What is the torniquet site relative to the puncture site

A

3 - 4 inches above it

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54
Q

T or F; Torniquet application can be more than 1 min

A

False mhie

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55
Q

T or F; Blood pressure cuff can be an alternative for torniquet

A

True (for obese, pediatric, and geriatric patients)

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56
Q

Type of needle used in syringe system

A

Hypodermic

57
Q

Refers to opening of the upper
part of the needle

A

Bevel

58
Q

Refers to long cylindrical portion of
the needle

A

Shaft

59
Q

Refers to end of the needle that
attaches to the blood collection
or to the syringe

A

Hub

60
Q

Refers to the internal
space of the needle

A

Lumen

61
Q

Refers to diameter of the lumen of the needle

A

Cage

62
Q

Commonly used gauge for syringe

A

20 - 21 g

63
Q

Syringe needle gauge for blood collection

A

21 and 22

64
Q

Gauge used for children

A

23 g

65
Q

Gauge used for butterfly infusion/needle

A

21 - 23 g and 25

66
Q

Color coding for needle gauges; yellow is for?

A

20

67
Q

Color coding for needle gauges; green is for?

A

21

68
Q

Color coding for needle gauges; black is for?

A

22

69
Q

Color coding for needle gauges; blue is for?

A

23

70
Q

Color coding for needle gauges; orange is for?

A

25

71
Q

Color coding for needle gauges; brown is for?

A

26

72
Q

performed just in case the needle
has no safety cap or safety feature

A

Fishing out

73
Q

Parts of syringe

A

Graduated barrel and plunger

74
Q

Used for fragile, thin, or “rolly” veins that tend
to collapse

A

Syringe

75
Q

used for transferring blood from syringe going to the tube safely

A

Transfer device

76
Q

Short needle with a thin tube with attached
plastic wings

A

Butterfly method system (Winged infusion sets)

77
Q

Used for infants and children and patients
with fragile veins (cancer patients)

A

Butterfly method/system

78
Q

The plastic wings allow us to insert the
needle in a shallow angle with _______
degrees only

A

10 to 15 degrees

79
Q

What gauge is the most commonly used gauge for butterfly method?

A

23 guage

80
Q

What gauge is used when doing a butterfly method in the scalp or tiny veins of premature infants and
neonates?

A

25 gauge

81
Q

Of all the venipuncture method, this is the preferred method of blood collection

A

Evacuated Tube System

82
Q

Allows one to collect numerous blood sample in the tube with a single venipuncture

A

ETS

83
Q

The three materials needed in the ETS are?

A

Needle (Multi-sample aka Double-pointed)
Tube holder/needle adapter/plastic holder
Evacuated tubes

84
Q

Length of multi-sample needles

A

1 to 1.5 inches

85
Q

T or F; In ETS, the bevel of the multi-sample needle should be facing downward

A

False (upward)

86
Q

Help place and remove tubes through
its flanges in ETS

A

Tube Holder/Needle Adapter

87
Q

Two sizes of tube holder/needle adapter in ETS

A

Pediatric and Adult

88
Q

These are made up by Sodalime, Borosilicate glass or plastic

A

Evacuated collection tubes

89
Q

Refers to the ability of the evacuated tubes to pull air from the tube

A

Vacuum

90
Q

T or F: Tubes fill blood all the way to the stopper

A

False

91
Q

Component in evacuated tubes that preserve a specific blood constituent

A

Tube additives

92
Q

Four types of tube additives

A

Anticoagulants
Anti-glycolytic
Clot activators
Thixotropic gel separators

93
Q

Interrupts the process of coagulation

A

Anticoagulants

94
Q

Additive that prevents glycolysis

A

Anti-glycolytic

95
Q

Additives that activate clot formation

A

Clot activators

96
Q

Additives that have presence of a certain gel that aids in the separation of serum from the cell

A

Thixotropic gel separators

97
Q

Actiosn that anticoagulant do

A

Chelatetes or precipitates Calcium
Inhibits thrombin activity

98
Q

Most common anticoagulants used are:

A

EDTA
Citrate
Heparin
Oxalate

99
Q

Anticoagulant; purple or pink stopper

A

EDTA

100
Q

EDTA; how many inversions?

A

8 to 10 (8 minimum)

101
Q

EDTA is used in?

A

Hematology test and Blood Bank

102
Q

Anticoagulant; combines calcium in a non-ionized form

A

Citrate

103
Q

Ratio concentration of citrate per parts of blood

A

1:9

104
Q

Anticoagulant used in coagulation studies

A

Citrate

105
Q

Sodium citate in black stoppers are used for

A

ESR

106
Q

Ideal unioversal anticoagulant

A

Heparin

107
Q

Heparin is also called?

A

Mucoitin Polysulfuric acid

108
Q

Anticoagulant; Acts as antithrombin and
antithromboplastin

A

Heparin

108
Q

Naturally occurring anticoagulant

A

Heparin

109
Q

Anticoagulant; light blue stopper

A

Citrate

110
Q

Anticoagulant; green stopper

A

Heparin

111
Q

Heparin; how many inversions?

A

8 - 10 (8 minimum)

112
Q

Anticoagulant; Used in Blood Gas Analysis, Chemistry test (Stat request e.g., Electrolytes), situation that needs a fast turnaround time

A

Heparin

113
Q

Anticoagulant: Combines with Calcium to
form an insoluble salt.

A

Oxolates

114
Q

Temperature sensitive anticoagulant

A

Oxolates

115
Q

Anticoagulant; black stopper

A

Oxolates

edit: flouride can also exist in black used for ESR

116
Q

Oxolates; how many inversions

A

8 times

117
Q

Anticoagulant; used in Hematology (CBC, Hgb and Hct)

A

Oxolates

118
Q

Anti-glycolytic; Inhibits the glycolytic enzyme enolase and calcium

A

Flouride

119
Q

Antiglycolytic; also considered as weak anticoagulant

A

Flouride

120
Q

Antiglycolytic; gray stopper

A

Flouride

121
Q

Anti-glyoclytic; for blood culture section, microbio section

A

Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate (SPS)

122
Q

SPS; How many inversions

A

8

123
Q

Antiglycolytic; yellow stopper

A

Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate

124
Q

Antiglycolytic;

Action:
▪ Anti-coagulant
▪ Anti-complementary (reducing
action that target the bacteria)
▪ Anti-phagocytic (slows down
the phagocytosis)
▪ Neutralizes aminoglycoside
(antibiotic)

A

Sodium Polyanethol Sulfonate

125
Q

Clot activator; help isolate/ separate
the serum to cell composition

A

Serum Separatior Tube

126
Q

Clot activator; gold top/stopper

A

Serum Separator Tube

127
Q

Clot activator; Helps isolate or separate
plasma to the cell component

A

Plasma Separator Tube

128
Q

Clot activator; white top stopper

A

Plasma Separator Tube

129
Q

What color is the stopper of nonadditive tubes?

A

Red

130
Q

T or F; Nonadditive tubes yield plasma sample

A

False (Serum)

131
Q

Recite the order of draw (sorry for this ;P)

A

“Stop, Light is Red. Green Light, Go. “
“Stop, Light is Red, Stay Put. Green Light, Go.”

  1. Sterile blood culture tubes – Yellow stopper
  2. Coagulation tubes – Light blue stopper
  3. Serum tube / Plain tube – Red stopper
  4. Heparin tube – Green stopper
  5. EDTA tube – Lavender / Purple stopper
  6. Anti-glycolytic tube / Fluoride – Gray stopper
132
Q

Occurs when:
▪ Blood in additive tube touches the needle
during ETS blood collection
▪ When blood is transferred from a syringe
into ETS tube

A

Carry Over/Cross contamination

133
Q

Blood collection tube and collection apparatus
combined in a single unit

A

Combination system

134
Q

Aka Capillary puncture or Microsampling or
Microcollection

A

Skin puncture

135
Q

Length of lancet in skin puncture

A

1.75 mm

136
Q

Deep of incision in infants and children in skin puncture

A

less than 2mm

137
Q

Deep of incision in adults in skin puncture

A

less than 2.5mm

138
Q

Distance from skin surface to bone or cartilage in skin punctue

A

1.5 to 2.44 mm

139
Q

People who can benefit in skin puncture are:

A

▪ Pediatric children- sample volume limited
▪ Obese patients
▪ Chemotherapeutic patients
▪ Burn patients

140
Q

Types of lancets in skin puncture

A

Non-retractable and retractable lancets

PMLS 2 (16 decks)

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