Ovarian Surface Epithelial Tumors

Question 1

What are the three types of cells in the ovary and what are the three types of tumors that can arise? Which one is most common?

Answer 1

Germ cell tumors in the oocyte, sex cord stromal tumors where the granulosa and theca cells are, and surface epithelial tumors. Surface epithelium tumors are most common.

Question 2

What is the additional type of tumor?

Answer 2

Metastatic

Question 3

80% of ovarian tumors are what and in what age group?

Answer 3

Benign and 20-45

Question 4

What does the surface epithelium derive from and what does that mean?

Answer 4

Coelomic epithelium
This coelomic epithelium can produce many different cell types of the genital tract. Fallopian tube (serous cells), endometrium (endometrial cells), and endocervix (mucinous cells).

Question 5

What are the two most common subtypes of surface epithelium tumors and both are usually what?

Answer 5

Serous and mucinous

Cystic

Question 6

How do we further classify the surface epithelial tumors?

Answer 6

Being, malignant and borderline.

Question 7

What is the name for benign surface epithelial tumors?

Answer 7

Cystadenomas

Question 8

Cystadenomas are composed of what and what is the typical presenting lady?

Answer 8

Single cyst with flat lining.

Premenopausal women

Question 9

What is another name for the malignant surface epithelial tumors and what is the typical lady presenting with one? Also, what is the tumor comprised of?

Answer 9

Cystadenocarcinoma
Post menopausal
Complex cysts with a thick shaggy lining

Question 10

BRCA1 mutations increases risk for what?

Answer 10

Serous carcinoma of the ovary and Fallopian tubes

Question 11

What are the other two surface epithelial tumors that are less common?

Answer 11

Endometrioid and Brenner tumor

Question 12

3 things to remember about endometrioid tumor of the surface epithelium?

Answer 12

1. Usually malignant
2. Can be associated with endometriosis
3. Can also present with a separate carcinoma in the endometrium.

Question 13

2 things to know about a brenner tumor?

Answer 13

Urothelium

Usually benign

Question 14

What are the clinical and presenting symptoms of surface epithelial tumors?

Answer 14

Vague abdominal symptoms like pain and fullness.

Signs of compression like urinary frequency

Question 15

What is important to know about the prognosis and spread of these tumors?

Answer 15

The prognosis is poor because they present late.

Spread locally to the peritoneum.

Question 16

What is the phenomenon called where the ovarian surface epithelium cancer has spread to the peritoneum?

Answer 16

Omental caking

Question 17

What is the serum marker for a surface epithelial tumors and what does it help us with?

Answer 17

CA-125

Used for screening for recurrence and progression

Question 18

What mutation is highly associated with mucinous tumors?

Answer 18

KRAS

Question 19

What is a big difference between serous and mucinous tumors?

Answer 19

Small amount of mucinous are bilateral compared to serous.

Question 20

3 places for metastasis of surface epithelial tumors?

Answer 20

Liver, lungs and GI