Ovarian Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
Epidemiology?
A
rare in <30 years old
2
Q
Risk Factors?
A
- High Risk FH
- BRCA 1 & 2
- HNPCC / Lynch Type 2 familial cancer sydnrome
- Incessant ovulation
- pregnancy and OCP are protective
3
Q
Symptoms?
A
VAGUE
- loss of appetite / early satiety / indigestion
- altered bowel habit / bloating / discomfort
- weight gain /pain
- pelvic mass
- asymptomatic / pressure symptoms
4
Q
Diagnosis?
A
- tumour marker: CA-125
- also used in monitoring of tumour
- Abdo / Pelvic US
- CT
- surgical
- laparotomy + biopsy
5
Q
what is CA-125 and when is it also raised?
A
- it is a glycoprotein antigen
- also raised in
- PID/ endometriosis / menstruation
- effusions / recent surgery / liver disease
6
Q
what % of women with ovarian cancer have a raised CA-125?
A
80%
7
Q
How do you calculate the Risk of Malignancy Index (RMI)?
A
U x M x CA-125
U= US features
M=menopausal status
CA-125 level
8
Q
Treatment?
A
- Surgery - gold standard
- Chemotherapy
- adjuvant
- neo-adjuvant
9
Q
what is the 1st line chemotherapy ?
A
platinum + taxane
10
Q
aims of laparotomy?
A
- stage disease
- obtain tissue diagnosis
- disease clearance
11
Q
cure rates?
A
stage 1 - 85%
stage 4- 10%
12
Q
recurrence and treatment of it?
A
- stage 3 and 4 disease have high recurrence rates
- give Chemotherapy + Palliation
13
Q
what can be offered to high risk women?
A
prophylactic oophorectomy
