Endometrial Cancer Flashcards
1
Q
describe the anatomy of the uterus in terms of layers from innermost –> outermost
A
- endometrium
- myometrium
- perimetrium
2
Q
epidemiology?
A
most common in post-menopausal women
3
Q
symptoms?
A
- post-menopausal bleeding
- abnormal vaginal bleeding
4
Q
investigations?
A
- transvaginal USS (in pic)
- measure endometrial thickness and if >4mm, take biopsy
- endometrial biopsy+ Hysteroscopy
5
Q
Causes /Risk Factors?
A
- high oestrogen levels
- PCOS
- unopposed oestrogen therapy / Tamoxifen
- obesity
- atypical endometrial hyperplasia
- HNPCC / Lynch type 2 familial cancer syndrome
6
Q
identify the 2 histological types of endometrial cancer
A
Type 1
- endometrioid adenocarcinoma
- commonest
Type 2
- uterine SEROUS clear cell carcinoma
- HER-2 mutation
- high grade and very aggressive
7
Q
Treatment?
A
main treatment option is TOTAL ABDOMINAL HYSTERECTOMY
Early stage –> surgery
(most women present at this stage)
High Risk Histology–> Chemotherapy
Advanced stage –> Radiotherapy
Palliative –> Progesterone
8
Q
what are cure rates of
stage 1B
stage 3B
A
1B- 85%
3B- 30%
