Menstrual Problems Flashcards
when does menstruation occur?
2 weeks after ovulation if pregnancy doesn’t occur due to the drop in progesterone levels
what is menorrhagia?
heavy periods
what is dysmenorrhoea?
painful periods
what is oligomenorrhoea?
infrequent periods
what is the FIGO classification of abnormal uterine bleeding?
Polyp
Adenomyosis
Leiomyata
Malignancy
Coagulation - Von Willebrand’s disease
Ovarian cause - polycystic ovaries
Endocrine - thyroid
Iatrogenic - warfarin
N-
what is dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB)?
abnormal bleeding not due to a secondary cause found as of yet
what is the fertility-preserving treatment for menstrual problems?
- Tranexamic Acid
- Mefenamic Acid
what is the action of mefenamic acid?
prostaglandin inhibitor - reduces pain AND blood loss
what is the treatment offered if family is complete?
- hysterectomy
- Endometrial ablation
- what is endometrial ablation
- what are the 2 techniques used
- removal of endometrium to below basal layer
- thermal baloon / diathermy
what is Hysterectomy?
removal of the uterus
what is the difference between total and subtotal?
total= uterus + cervix removed
subtotal = uterus only removed
what is a hysterectomy also sometimes associated with?
- Salpingo-oophorectomy
- removal of fallopian tubes + ovaries
what is a disadvantage and advantage of oophorectomy?
- disadvantage- immediate menopause
- recommended HRT until 50
- advantage- reduced risk of ovarian cancer
even if the ovaries are conserved, what may still happen?
high risk of menopause within next 2 years due to compromised blood supply
