Other thrombolytic agents Flashcards
alteplase also know as activase, what is it exactly
its a recombinant form of human tissue plaminogen activator
What is urokinase also know as; where is it obtained
abbokinase; protein from human urine
Where is streptococci from
a protein from streptococci
What is another name of anistreplase
eminase; a preformed complex of streptokinase + plasminogen
Which thrombolytic agents can directly convert plasminogen to plasmin
urokinase and recombinant t-PA(altepase)
What does streptokinase need to do convert plaminogen to plasmin
it must combine with plasminogen first and form an active complex—> converts plasminogen to plasmin
What anistreplase (anisoylated plaminogen streptokinase activator complex, APSAC) mechanism of action
streptokinase must be released and only plasminogen will be converted to plasmin (prodrug)
What are the side effects of thrombolytic agents
hemorrage-intracranial bleeding (less if treatment is short)
hemorrhagic stroke- if heparin is also used it increases
Why is less fibrinolytic effect seen with t-PA than streptokinase
because it has no effect on circulating plasminogen only that which is bound to fibrin
What causes bleeding
aminocaprotic acid and tranexamic acid
What is another name for aminocaproic acid
Amicar
What is mechanism of action of aminocaproic acid
its a lysine analog that binds to plasminogen and plasmin to stop binding of plasmin to fibrin; treats reverse fibrinolysis, treats excessive bleeding
What is aminocaproic used for
an adjunct treatment in hemophilia
What is the mechanism of action for transexamic acid
a lysine analog that forms a reversible complex with plasminogen and get rid of plasminogen from fibrin block fibrinolysis
What are the contraindications of aminocaproic acid and tranexamic acid
surgery within 10 days GI bleeding hypertension history-doesn't break down clot cerebrovascular events- clots aortic dissection acute pericarditis acute intracranial process
