Lipid Lowering Drugs part3 Flashcards

1
Q

How can you determine if a patient has metabolic syndrome

A

by seeing if more than 3 risk factors are present

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2
Q

what are the risk factors for metabolic syndrome

A
abdominal obesity 
high triglycerides 
low HDL
blood pressure 
high fasting glucose
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3
Q

What are the levels of abdominal obesity for metabolic syndrome

A

greater than 102 cm (40in) for men

greater than 88cm(35in) for women

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4
Q

What are the levels of triglycerides that put you at risk for metabolic syndrome

A

above or equal to 150mg/dL

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5
Q

What are the levels of HDL-c that put men or women at risk for metabolic syndrome

A

below 40mg/dL for men

below 50mg/dL for women

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6
Q

What are less of blood pressure that put a patient at risk for high blood pressure

A

above or equal to 130/85mmHg

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7
Q

What is a high fasting glucose that puts patients at risk for metabolic syndrome

A

above or equal to 100mg/dL

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8
Q

What are the normal, borderline high, high, and very high levels of triglycerides according to ATPIII

A

normal: below 150mg/dL
borderline high: 150-199mg/dL
high: 200-499 mg/dL
very high: above 500mg/dL

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9
Q

We need to treat triglycerides at what lvel

A

150mg/dL

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10
Q

What is the primary goal in all this therapy

A

to treat LDL

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11
Q

What other things can be done to control triglycerides as well

A

weight management and exercise

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12
Q

If triglyceriders are 200mg/dL after LDL goal is reached what can be done

A

set a second goal for non-HDL cholesterol, which is total minus HDL that will be 30mg/dL higher than LDL goal (Rule)

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13
Q

What can be inferred from the Desirable Cholesterol graph on page 11

A

all other animal stay undr 140mg/dL, which mean cholesterol should not be too high

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14
Q

According to the graph on page 11, what is the connection between coronary heart diseas and LDL cholesterol levels

A

the connection of LDL-c and CHD events shows that the higher the LDL-c goal was the more likely CHD events occurred—goal need to be lower–the event rate is predicted to be zero at an LDL level of about 57mg/dL

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15
Q

What does the graph LDL and atherosclerosis progression show

A

atherosclerosis progression varies directly with low density lipoprotein cholesterol; this regression line indicates that atherosclerosis does not progress when LDL is 67mg/dL or below

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16
Q

What is the natural progression of atherosclerosis

A

normal artery—-fatty streak—fibrous plaque—advanced plaque—complete occulsion thrombus (can travel to brain if dislodged) and cause stroke

17
Q

What are the stats on childhood obesity

A

overall its tripled in the the last 30 years

-from age 6-11 years; obese increased from 7% in 1980 to 20% in 2008

18
Q

What are the stats on adolescent obesity

A

from age 12-19 years

increased form 5% to 18% from 1980 to 2008

19
Q

In 2008 what percent of child or adolescents were obese

A

about 1/3 or 30%

20
Q

Explain the anatomy of an atherosclerotic plaque

A

on the top there is hopefully a fibrous cap that keep the plaque intact
next a lipid core and a shoulder portion that
is connected to the intima of the blood vessel
below this is the media which is the elastic tissue that give compliance for blood vessel

21
Q

What creates the fibrous cap

A

leukocytes attack the foreign lipids in the blood stream, the accumulate on lesion and undergo death(apoptosis) which causes the fibrous cap

22
Q

How does human atherogenesis occur

A

its a gradual process