Osteology of the Shoulder girdle Flashcards
Shoulder girdle
Scapula
Humerus
Clavicle
Clavicle articulations
Acromioclavicular articulations (Acromion of scapula) Sternoclavicular joint (sternum and cartilage of the 1st rib)
Clavicle
Lateral end is flat (Acromial end).
Medial end is cylinder (sternal end)
Shaft elongated and and curved.
Costal tuberosity
Medial and inferior on the clavicle.
Rough surface.
Attachment: costoclavicular ligament.
Conoid tubercle
Inferior, lateral on the shaft of the clavicle.
Attachment: conoid ligament.
Trapezoid line
Inferior, laterally from the conoid tubercle to the acromial facet of the clavicle.
Attachment: trapezoid ligament.
Subscapular fossa
Almost the whole anterior part of scapula, except from coracoid process and below it.
Slightly concave depression.
Attachment: subscapularis muscle.
Superior and Inferior angles of scapula
Superior
- Attachment: levator scapulae muscle
Inferior
- Attachment: latissimus dorsi muscle
Supraspinous fossa of scapula
Above the spine of the scapula.
Depression.
Attachment: supraspinatus muscle.
Infraspinous fossa of scapula
Below the spine of the scapula.
Broad depression.
Attachment: infraspinatus muscle.
Spine of scapula
From upper half of medial border (the root of the spine), to the acromion process.
At the T3 level.
Attachments: deltoideus, trapezius muscles.
Medial border of scapula
From superior to inferior angle.
Longest border.
Attachments: rhomboideus, serratus anterior, supra/infraspinatus muscles.
Lateral border of scapula
From lower margin of glenoid cavity to inferior angle.
Thickest.
Attachments: teres major/minor muscles, long head of triceps, brachii tendon.
Superior border of scapula
From superior angle to glenoid cavity.
Suprascapular notch → nerve.
Acromion
Lateral end of the spine of scapula.
Articulates with the clavicle.
Posterior to the coracoid process.
Glenoid Cavity (Fossa)
Articulates with the humeral head, labrum.
On the lateral, superior end, next to coronoid process.
Coracoid process
Superior, lateral end, anterior to the acromion.
Attachment: pectoralis minor, biceps brachii, coracobrachialis.
Supraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Just above the glenoid fossa.
Attachment: long head of biceps brachii tendon.
Infraglenoid tubercle of the scapula
Just below the glenoid fossa.
Attachment: long head of triceps brachii tendon.
Surgical neck of the humerus
Narrowest part of the shaft.
Prone to fractures.
Below the tubercles and the anatomical neck.
Anatomical neck of the humerus
Below the head of the humerus.
Thin.
Attachment: articular capsule.
Greater tubercle of the humerus
Posterolateral prominence.
Attachments: supra/infraspinatus + teres minor muscles.
Lesser tubercle of the humerus
Anterior prominence.
Attachments: tendon of the subscapularis muscle.
Lateral crest of the bicipital groove
Vertical ridge.
Attachment: transverse humeral lig. + pectoralis major.
Bicipital (intertubercular) groove
Between the 2 tubercles
Maintains the tendon of the long head of the biceps brachii.
Medial crest of the bicipital groove
Vertical ridge.
Attachment: transverse humeral ligament + Teres major + Latissimus Dorsi.
Deltoid tuberosity
Rough area.
Lateral side of the middle of the shaft.
Attachment: deltoid muscle.
Radial (spiral) groove
Radial nerve Sulcus.
Depression.
Posterior side of the shaft, superior middle part of shaft.
Contains: radial nerve.
Delimits origins of lat. and med. heads of the triceps brachii.
Trochlea of the humerus
Depressed part of the medial condyle, underneath.
From coronoid to olecranon fossa.
Articulates with the trochlear notch of the ulna.
Capitulum of the humerus
Rounded part of the lateral condyle, underneath.
Articulates with the head of the radius.
Olecranon fossa
Triangular depression on the middle, distal, posterior part.
Receives the olecranon in elbow extension.
Separated from coronoid fossa by very thin fibrocartilage.
Ulnar nerve sulcus
Posterior part of the medial epicondyle.
Painful when hitting.
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus
Prominence, lateral, distal.
Attachments : radial collat. lig. + common extensor tendons.
Medial epicondyle of the humerus
Bigger prominence than lateral. Medial, distal.
Attachments : ulnar collat. lig. + common flexor tendons.
Radial fossa of the humerus
Above the capitulum, anterior, lateral.
Receives the head of the radius in elbow flexion.
Coronoid fossa
Above the Trochlea, anterior, medial.
Receives the coronoid process in elbow flexion.
Separated from olecranon by very thin fibrocartilage.