- Origin: Temporal fossa. - Insertion: Tendon into the apex and deep surface of the coronoid process and anterior ramus of the mandible. - Action: Retraction of the mandible (post. fibers), Elevation of the mandible (ant. fibers). - Innervation: Nerve Trigeminal (5th cranial nerve).

- Origin: Zygomatic process of the maxilla and anterior 2/3 of zygomatic arch. - Insertion: Coronoid process of the mandible. - Action: Protraction of the mandible. Elevation of the mandible. - Innervation: Nerve Trigeminal (5th cranial nerve).

- Origin: Flat sheet of muscle lying in the superficial fascia over the front of the neck from the lower border of the mandible. - Insertion: Crosses the clavicle and joins pectoralis. - Action: Depress the mandible. Open the mouth. - Innervation: Facial nerve (7th).

- Origin: Anterior tubercle of transverse process C3-C6. - Insertion: Basilar part of occipital bone. - Action: Bilateral: flexion of the head. Unilateral: slight ipsilateral inclination. - Innervation: C3-C4.

- Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6. - Insertion: First rib. - Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion. Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine. - Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).

- Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C7. - Insertion: First rib. - Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion. Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine. - Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).

- Origin: Transverse processes of C5-C7. - Insertion: 2nd rib. - Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion. Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine. - Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).

- Origin: Sternal head : anterior surface of manubrium. Clavicular head : the medial third of the clavicle. - Insertion: Mastoid process and the lateral part of the superior nuchal line. - Action: Unilateral: Ipsilateral side-bending, contralateral rotation. Bilateral: Flexion of the cervical spine. - Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI).

Myology of the Trunk Flashcards by Ólafía Anna Hannibalsdóttir

Rectus capitis anterior

Origin: Lateral masses C1.
Insertion: Basilar part of the occipital bone.
Action: Bilateral: flexion of art. atlantooccipital.
Unilateral: lateroflexion of art. atlantooccipital.
Innervation: Ramus ventral C1.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rectus capitis posterior major

Origin: Spinous process C2.
Insertion: Inferior nuchal line.
Action: Bilateral: extension of the head.
Unilateral: extension with ipsilateral rotation of the head.
Innervation: Suboccipital nerve.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rectus capitis posterior minor

Origin: Posterior tubercle C1.
Insertion: Inferior nuchal line.
Action: Extension of the head.
Innervation: Suboccipital nerve.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Rectus capitis lateralis

Origin: Transverse process C1.
Insertion: Basiliar part of occipital bone.
Action: Bilateral: flexion of art. atlantooccipital joint.
Unilateral: lateroflexion of art. atlantooccipital.
Innervation: Ramus ventral C1

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Obliquus capitis superior

Origin: Transverse process of C1.
Insertion: Inferior nuchal line.
Action: Bilateral: extension of the head. Unilateral: ipsilateral
inclination, contralateral rotation of the head.
Innervation: Suboccipital nerve.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Obliquus capitis inferior

Origin: Spinous process C2.
Insertion: Transverse process C1.
Action: Ipsilateral rotation of the head, secondary extension.
Innervation: Suboccipital nerve, occipital majors nerves.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Temporalis

Origin: Temporal fossa.
Insertion: Tendon into the apex and deep surface of the
coronoid process and anterior ramus of the mandible.
Action: Retraction of the mandible (post. fibers),
Elevation of the mandible (ant. fibers).
Innervation: Nerve Trigeminal (5th cranial nerve).

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Masseter

Origin: Zygomatic process of the maxilla and anterior 2/3
of zygomatic arch.
Insertion: Coronoid process of the mandible.
Action: Protraction of the mandible. Elevation of the
mandible.
Innervation: Nerve Trigeminal (5th cranial nerve).

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Platysma

Origin: Flat sheet of muscle lying in the superficial fascia
over the front of the neck from the lower border of
the mandible.
Insertion: Crosses the clavicle and joins pectoralis.
Action: Depress the mandible. Open the mouth.
Innervation: Facial nerve (7th).

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Longus capitis

Origin: Anterior tubercle of transverse process C3-C6.
Insertion: Basilar part of occipital bone.
Action: Bilateral: flexion of the head.
Unilateral: slight ipsilateral inclination.
Innervation: C3-C4.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Scalenus anterior

Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6.
Insertion: First rib.
Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine.
Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Scalenus medius

Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C7.
Insertion: First rib.
Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine.
Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Scalenus posterior

Origin: Transverse processes of C5-C7.
Insertion: 2nd rib.
Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine.
Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Sternocleidomastoid

Origin: Sternal head : anterior surface of manubrium.
Clavicular head : the medial third of the clavicle.
Insertion: Mastoid process and the lateral part of the
superior nuchal line.
Action: Unilateral: Ipsilateral side-bending, contralateral
rotation. Bilateral: Flexion of the cervical spine.
Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI).

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Iliocostalis lumborum

Origin: Os sacrum, Iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia.
Insertion: 6th-12th ribs, deep layer of fascia.
Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

How well did you know this?

Not at all

Perfectly

Iliocostalis thoracis

Origin: 7th-12th ribs.
Insertion: 1st-6th rib.
Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Iliocostalis cervicis

Origin: 3rd-7th ribs.
Insertion: Transverse processes of C4-6.
Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Longissimus thoracis

Origin: Os sacrum, Iliac crest, Spinous processes L1-L5,
Transverse processes T7-T12.
Insertion: 2nd-12th ribs, Costalis processes L1-L5,
Transverse processes T1-T12.
Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Longissimus cervicis

Origin: Transverse processes T1-T6.
Insertion: Transverse processes C2-C5.
Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
Unilateral: ipsilateral spine lateroflexion.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Longissimus capitis

Origin: Transverse processesT1-T3, proc.
Transverse processes and facetsC4-C7.
Insertion: Proc. mastoideus.
Action: Bilateral: extension of the head.
Unilateral: ipsilateral flexion, rotation of the head.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Splenius cervicis

Origin: Spinous processesT3-T6.
Insertion: Transverse processes C1-C2.
Action: Bilateral: extension of the cervical spine and head.
Unilateral: ipsilateral flexion and rotation of the head.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Splenius capitis

Origin: Spinous processes C3-T3.
Insertion: Mastoid process, Superior nuchal line.
Action: Bilateral: extension of the cervical spine and head.
Unilateral: ipsilateral flexion and rotation of the head.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Spinalis cervicis

Origin: Spinous processes C5-T2.
Insertion: Spinous processes C2-C5.
Action: Bilateral: extension of the cervical spine.
Unilateral: Ipsilateral lateroflexion of the cervical spine.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Spinalis thoracic

Origin: Spinous processes T10-L3.
Insertion: Spinous processes T2-T8.
Action: Bilateral: extension of the thoracic spine.
Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion of the thoracic spine.
Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Semispinalis Thoracis

- Origin: Transverse processes T6-T12. - Insertion: Spinous processes C6-T4. - Action: Bilateral: extension of the thoracic spine. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion and controlateral rotation of the thoracic spine. - Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Semispinalis cervicis

- Origin: Transverse processes T1-T6. - Insertion: Spinous processes C2-C5. - Action: Bilateral: extension of the cervical spine. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion and controlateral rotation of the cervical spine. - Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Semispinalis capitis

- Origin: Transverse processes C3-T6. - Insertion: Occipital bone between sup and inf. nuchal line. - Action: Bilateral: extension of the head. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion and controlateral rotation of the head. - Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.

Serratus posterior superior

- Form: Quadrangular. - Origin: Lig nuchae, proc. spinosi C7-T3. - Insertion: Superior border of 2th-5th rib. - Action: Lift ribs - active in inspiration. - Innervation: Nerve intercostales.

Serratus posterior inferior

- Origin: Spinous process T11-L2 and thoracolumbar fascia. - Insertion: Inferior border of 9th-11th ribs. - Action: Lowers ribs - active in expiration. Prevents narrowing the thoracic aperture. - Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves.

Rectus abdominis

- Origin: Cartilage of 5th-7th ribs, xyphoid process. - Insertion: Pubis (crista pubica). - Action: Flexion lumbar spine. Compression abdomen. Active in expiration. - Innervation: Nerves intercostales, Nerve subcostalis.

Obliquus externus abdominis

- Origin: Outer surface 5th-12th ribs. - Insertion: External lip of the iliac crest, rectus sheat, linea alba. - Action: Unilateral: ipsilat. flexion and controlat. rotation of the trunk. Bilateral: flexion of the trunk, active in expiration, compression of abdomen, pelvis stabilisation. - Innervation: Nerves intercostales. Nerve subcostalis.

Obliquus internus abdominis

- Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, Iliac crest, anterior superior Iliac spine, inguinal ligament. - Insertion: Lower border of the 10th-12th ribs, linea alba, rectus sheat. - Action: Unilateral: ipsilat. inclination and rotation of the trunk. Bilateral: flexion of the trunk, active in expiration, compression of abdomen, pelvis stabilisation. Junction with m. cremaster. - Innervation: Nerves intercostales, Nerve subcostalis, Nerve Ilioinguinalis.

Transversus abdominis

- Origin: Inner surface of 7th-12th costal cartilage, Thoracolumbar fascia, Iliac crest, ASIS, lig. inguinale. - Insertion: Rectus sheat, linea alba. - Action: Bilateral: compression of abdomen, active in expiration. Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of the trunk. - Innervation: Nerve subcostalis, Nerve ilioinguinalis, and genitofemoralis.

Quadratus lumborum

- Origin: Iliac crest. - Insertion: 12th rib, Transv. Proc. (proc. Costales) L1-L4. - Action: Bilateral: lumbar extension and expiration. Unilateral: ipsilateral inclination of the trunk. - Innervation: Nerve subcostalis.

Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Myology of the Trunk Flashcards

Brainscape's Knowledge Genome^TM