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Anatomy - BPT04 > Myology of the Trunk > Flashcards

Myology of the Trunk Flashcards

1
Q

Rectus capitis anterior

A
  • Origin: Lateral masses C1.
  • Insertion: Basilar part of the occipital bone.
  • Action: Bilateral: flexion of art. atlantooccipital.
    Unilateral: lateroflexion of art. atlantooccipital.
  • Innervation: Ramus ventral C1.
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2
Q

Rectus capitis posterior major

A
  • Origin: Spinous process C2.
  • Insertion: Inferior nuchal line.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the head.
    Unilateral: extension with ipsilateral rotation of the head.
  • Innervation: Suboccipital nerve.
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3
Q

Rectus capitis posterior minor

A
  • Origin: Posterior tubercle C1.
  • Insertion: Inferior nuchal line.
  • Action: Extension of the head.
  • Innervation: Suboccipital nerve.
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4
Q

Rectus capitis lateralis

A
  • Origin: Transverse process C1.
  • Insertion: Basiliar part of occipital bone.
  • Action: Bilateral: flexion of art. atlantooccipital joint.
    Unilateral: lateroflexion of art. atlantooccipital.
  • Innervation: Ramus ventral C1
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5
Q

Obliquus capitis superior

A
  • Origin: Transverse process of C1.
  • Insertion: Inferior nuchal line.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the head. Unilateral: ipsilateral
    inclination, contralateral rotation of the head.
  • Innervation: Suboccipital nerve.
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6
Q

Obliquus capitis inferior

A
  • Origin: Spinous process C2.
  • Insertion: Transverse process C1.
  • Action: Ipsilateral rotation of the head, secondary extension.
  • Innervation: Suboccipital nerve, occipital majors nerves.
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7
Q

Temporalis

A
  • Origin: Temporal fossa.
  • Insertion: Tendon into the apex and deep surface of the
    coronoid process and anterior ramus of the mandible.
  • Action: Retraction of the mandible (post. fibers),
    Elevation of the mandible (ant. fibers).
  • Innervation: Nerve Trigeminal (5th cranial nerve).
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8
Q

Masseter

A
  • Origin: Zygomatic process of the maxilla and anterior 2/3
    of zygomatic arch.
  • Insertion: Coronoid process of the mandible.
  • Action: Protraction of the mandible. Elevation of the
    mandible.
  • Innervation: Nerve Trigeminal (5th cranial nerve).
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9
Q

Platysma

A
  • Origin: Flat sheet of muscle lying in the superficial fascia
    over the front of the neck from the lower border of
    the mandible.
  • Insertion: Crosses the clavicle and joins pectoralis.
  • Action: Depress the mandible. Open the mouth.
  • Innervation: Facial nerve (7th).
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10
Q

Longus capitis

A
  • Origin: Anterior tubercle of transverse process C3-C6.
  • Insertion: Basilar part of occipital bone.
  • Action: Bilateral: flexion of the head.
    Unilateral: slight ipsilateral inclination.
  • Innervation: C3-C4.
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11
Q

Scalenus anterior

A
  • Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C6.
  • Insertion: First rib.
  • Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
    Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine.
  • Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).
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12
Q

Scalenus medius

A
  • Origin: Transverse processes of C3-C7.
  • Insertion: First rib.
  • Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
    Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine.
  • Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).
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13
Q

Scalenus posterior

A
  • Origin: Transverse processes of C5-C7.
  • Insertion: 2nd rib.
  • Action: Raises upper ribs. Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
    Bilateral: flexion of cervical spine.
  • Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves (C3-C8).
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14
Q

Sternocleidomastoid

A
  • Origin: Sternal head : anterior surface of manubrium.
    Clavicular head : the medial third of the clavicle.
  • Insertion: Mastoid process and the lateral part of the
    superior nuchal line.
  • Action: Unilateral: Ipsilateral side-bending, contralateral
    rotation. Bilateral: Flexion of the cervical spine.
  • Innervation: Spinal accessory nerve (CN XI).
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15
Q

Iliocostalis lumborum

A
  • Origin: Os sacrum, Iliac crest, thoracolumbar fascia.
  • Insertion: 6th-12th ribs, deep layer of fascia.
  • Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
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16
Q

Iliocostalis thoracis

A
  • Origin: 7th-12th ribs.
  • Insertion: 1st-6th rib.
  • Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
17
Q

Iliocostalis cervicis

A
  • Origin: 3rd-7th ribs.
  • Insertion: Transverse processes of C4-6.
  • Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
18
Q

Longissimus thoracis

A
  • Origin: Os sacrum, Iliac crest, Spinous processes L1-L5,
    Transverse processes T7-T12.
  • Insertion: 2nd-12th ribs, Costalis processes L1-L5,
    Transverse processes T1-T12.
  • Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
19
Q

Longissimus cervicis

A
  • Origin: Transverse processes T1-T6.
  • Insertion: Transverse processes C2-C5.
  • Action: Bilateral: spine extension.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral spine lateroflexion.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
20
Q

Longissimus capitis

A
  • Origin: Transverse processesT1-T3, proc.
    Transverse processes and facetsC4-C7.
  • Insertion: Proc. mastoideus.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the head.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral flexion, rotation of the head.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
21
Q

Splenius cervicis

A
  • Origin: Spinous processesT3-T6.
  • Insertion: Transverse processes C1-C2.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the cervical spine and head.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral flexion and rotation of the head.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
22
Q

Splenius capitis

A
  • Origin: Spinous processes C3-T3.
  • Insertion: Mastoid process, Superior nuchal line.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the cervical spine and head.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral flexion and rotation of the head.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
22
Q

Spinalis cervicis

A
  • Origin: Spinous processes C5-T2.
  • Insertion: Spinous processes C2-C5.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the cervical spine.
    Unilateral: Ipsilateral lateroflexion of the cervical spine.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
23
Q

Spinalis thoracic

A
  • Origin: Spinous processes T10-L3.
  • Insertion: Spinous processes T2-T8.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the thoracic spine.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion of the thoracic spine.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
24
Q

Semispinalis Thoracis

A
  • Origin: Transverse processes T6-T12.
  • Insertion: Spinous processes C6-T4.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the thoracic spine.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion and controlateral rotation
    of the thoracic spine.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
25
Q

Semispinalis cervicis

A
  • Origin: Transverse processes T1-T6.
  • Insertion: Spinous processes C2-C5.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the cervical spine.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral lateroflexion and controlateral rotation
    of the cervical spine.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
26
Q

Semispinalis capitis

A
  • Origin: Transverse processes C3-T6.
  • Insertion: Occipital bone between sup and inf. nuchal line.
  • Action: Bilateral: extension of the head. Unilateral: ipsilateral
    lateroflexion and controlateral rotation of the head.
  • Innervation: Posterior branches of spinal nerves.
27
Q

Serratus posterior superior

A
  • Form: Quadrangular.
  • Origin: Lig nuchae, proc. spinosi C7-T3.
  • Insertion: Superior border of 2th-5th rib.
  • Action: Lift ribs - active in inspiration.
  • Innervation: Nerve intercostales.
28
Q

Serratus posterior inferior

A
  • Origin: Spinous process T11-L2 and thoracolumbar fascia.
  • Insertion: Inferior border of 9th-11th ribs.
  • Action: Lowers ribs - active in expiration. Prevents
    narrowing the thoracic aperture.
  • Innervation: Anterior branches of spinal nerves.
29
Q

Rectus abdominis

A
  • Origin: Cartilage of 5th-7th ribs, xyphoid process.
  • Insertion: Pubis (crista pubica).
  • Action: Flexion lumbar spine. Compression abdomen.
    Active in expiration.
  • Innervation: Nerves intercostales, Nerve subcostalis.
30
Q

Obliquus externus abdominis

A
  • Origin: Outer surface 5th-12th ribs.
  • Insertion: External lip of the iliac crest, rectus sheat,
    linea alba.
  • Action: Unilateral: ipsilat. flexion and controlat. rotation of
    the trunk. Bilateral: flexion of the trunk, active in
    expiration, compression of abdomen, pelvis stabilisation.
  • Innervation: Nerves intercostales. Nerve subcostalis.
31
Q

Obliquus internus abdominis

A
  • Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, Iliac crest, anterior superior
    Iliac spine, inguinal ligament.
  • Insertion: Lower border of the 10th-12th ribs, linea alba,
    rectus sheat.
  • Action: Unilateral: ipsilat. inclination and rotation of the
    trunk. Bilateral: flexion of the trunk, active in expiration,
    compression of abdomen, pelvis stabilisation. Junction
    with m. cremaster.
  • Innervation: Nerves intercostales, Nerve subcostalis,
    Nerve Ilioinguinalis.
32
Q

Transversus abdominis

A
  • Origin: Inner surface of 7th-12th costal cartilage,
    Thoracolumbar fascia, Iliac crest, ASIS, lig. inguinale.
  • Insertion: Rectus sheat, linea alba.
  • Action: Bilateral: compression of abdomen, active in
    expiration. Unilateral: ipsilateral rotation of the trunk.
  • Innervation: Nerve subcostalis, Nerve ilioinguinalis, and
    genitofemoralis.
33
Q

Quadratus lumborum

A
  • Origin: Iliac crest.
  • Insertion: 12th rib, Transv. Proc. (proc. Costales) L1-L4.
  • Action: Bilateral: lumbar extension and expiration.
    Unilateral: ipsilateral inclination of the trunk.
  • Innervation: Nerve subcostalis.

Anatomy - BPT04 (28 decks)

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