Osteology of the Hip and Pelvis

Question 1

Pelvic girdle

Answer 1

Just the coxal bone

Question 2

Pelvic ring

Answer 2

Coxal bone + sacrum

Question 3

Coxal bone

Answer 3

Hip bone or innominate bone.
Formed by fusion of 3 bones: 
- Ilium: Largest, most superior.
- Pubis: Anterior, inferior.
- Ischium: Posterior, inferior.

Question 4

Acetabulum

Answer 4

Socket of hip bone
Deep cup shaped hemi-spherical cavity
Lateral aspect of the hip bone
Cavity of the acetabulum faces obliquely forward,
outward, and downward
Upper part is ilium, anterior part pubis and posterior part ischium.

Question 5

Anterior border of ilium

Answer 5

From ASIS (anterior superior iliac spine) down to the acetabulum.

Question 6

Posterior border of ilium

Answer 6

From PSIS to the upper end of the posterior border of ischium.

Question 7

Attachments on the ilium

Answer 7

Medial surface: iliacus
Lateral side: Gluteal muscles
Iliotibial tract

Question 8

Attachments on the ASIS

Answer 8

Inguinal ligament
Sartorius
Tensor fascia lata

Question 9

Attachments on the AIIS

Answer 9

Rectus femoris

Question 10

Attachments on the Iliac crest

Answer 10

Outer lip: external oblique, latissimus dorsi muscles, fascia lata.
Inner lip: transversus abdominis, erector spinae, quadratus muscle.

Question 11

Pubis

Answer 11

• Contributes to anterior portion of the acetabulum
• Forms the anterior boundary of the obturator foramen
• Consists of:
- Body of the pubis
- Superior ramus
- Inferior ramus

Question 12

Attachments on the pubic tubercle

Answer 12

Medial end of inguinal ligament

Cremaster muscle

Question 13

Attachments on the pubic crest

Answer 13

Transversus abdominis
External oblique
Pyramidalis

Question 14

Attachments on the pectineal line

Answer 14

Pectineus

Question 15

Ischium

Answer 15

• Contributes to posterior portion of the acetabulum
• Forms the posterior boundary of the obturator foramen
• Consists of:
- Ischial body
- Ischial ramus

Question 16

Attachments on the ischial tuberosity

Answer 16

Hamstrings
Quadratus femoris
Inferior gemellus
Adductor magnus
Sacro-tuberous ligament

Question 17

Acetabular margin

Answer 17

LABRUM:
- Fibrocartilaginous rim structure.
- Functions to deepen the acetabulum to enable better
holding of the femoral head.
- Extends across this acetabular notch as the transverse
acetabular ligament.
- Converts acetabular notch into a foramen through which the
nutrient vessels enter the joint.

Question 18

Obturator foramen

Answer 18

Large gap in the hip bone
• Antero-inferior to the acetabulum between the ischium and
the pubis
• In males: large and oval
• In females: triangular
• Obturator membrane is attached to its margins, except at
the obturator groove for the passage of the obturator
vessels and nerves

Question 19

The femur

Answer 19

Longest and strongest bone in the skeleton
• The upper extremity:
- Head
- Neck
- Greater trochanter
- Lesser trochanter

Question 20

The head of the femur

Answer 20

Covered with hyaline cartilage.
Articulates with the acetabulum.
Incomplete sphere.

Question 21

Foeva Capitis

Answer 21

Small hole in the center of the head of femur.
Origin of ligamentum teres: Increases the stability of the
hip joint with other ligaments.

Question 22

Femoral neck

Answer 22

Common site of injury.
Highly vascular area which is why a fracture can be quite serious, because it can starve the femoral head of blood supply leading to necrosis.

Question 23

Attachments on the greater trochanter

Answer 23

Gluteus medius
Gluteus minimus
Piriformis
Obturator internus
Gemelli superior and inferior

Question 24

Attachments on the lesser trochanter

Answer 24

Psoas major

Iliacus