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Anatomy - BPT04 > Myology of the Leg, Ankle and Foot > Flashcards

Myology of the Leg, Ankle and Foot Flashcards

1
Q

Tibialis anterior

A
  • Origin: Upper third of the tibial lateral face and interosseous
    membrane.
  • Insertion: Medial cuneiform and first metatarsal.
  • Action: Ankle dorsiflexion and foot inversion.
  • Innervation: Fibular nerve.
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2
Q

Extensor digitorum longus

A
  • Origin: Lateral tibia, fibula capsule and interosseous
    membrane.
  • Insertion: Middle and distal phalanges of toes II-V.
  • Action: Ankle dorsiflexion and foot eversion; Inter-
    phalangeal (IP) and metatarso-phalangeal (MTP) joint 2-5
    extension.
  • Innervation: Fibular nerve.
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3
Q

Extensor hallucis longus

A
  • Origin: Anterior face of the fibula, interosseous membrane.
  • Insertion: Distal phalanx of hallux.
  • Action: Ankle dorsiflexion and foot inversion IP and MTP
    joint 1: extension.
  • Innervation: Fibular nerve.
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4
Q

Fibularis (peroneus) longus

A
  • Origin: Head and proximal 2/3 of the lateral face of
    the fibula.
  • Insertion: Base of metatarsal 1 and medial cuneiform.
  • Action: Ankle plantar flexion and foot eversion.
  • Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve.
    Runs underneath the foot.
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5
Q

Fibularis brevis

A
  • Origin: Distal half of the lateral face of the fibula.
  • Insertion: Base of the metatarsal 5.
  • Action: Ankle plantar flexion and foot eversion.
  • Innervation: Superficial fibular nerve.
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6
Q

Gastrocnemius

A
  • Origin: Lateral: lateral femoral condyle (non-articulating).
    Medial: medial femoral condyle (non-articulating) (Capsule
    of knee joint).
  • Insertion: Calcaneal tuberosity via the Achilles tendon.
  • Action: Knee: flexion. Ankle plantar flexion.
  • Innervation: Tibial nerve.
    Makes the shape of the calf.
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7
Q

Soleus

A 
- Origin: Posterior surface of the head of fibula and soleal line 
  on tibia.
- Insertion: Achilles tendon.
- Action: Ankle plantar flexion.
- Innervation: Tibial nerve.
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8
Q

Plantaris

A
  • Origin: Lateral supracondylar ridge, knee joint capsule.
  • Insertion: Achilles tendon (OR medial side of posterior
    calcaneus) .
  • Action: Very weak plantarflexor.
  • Innervation: Tibial nerve.
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9
Q

Tibialis posterior

A
  • Origin: Interosseous membrane, borders of tibia and
    fibula.
  • Insertion: Mainly navicular but also medial cuneiform.
  • Action: Ankle plantar flexion and foot inversion.
    Supports longitudinal and transverse arches of the foot.
  • Innervation: Tibial nerve.
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10
Q

Flexor digitorum longus

A
  • Origin: Middle 1/3 of the posterior surface of the tibia.
  • Insertion: Bases of the distal phalanges 2-5.
  • Action: Ankle plantar flexion and foot inversion; Flexion of
    MTP and both IP; Supports longitudinal and transverse
    arches of the foot.
  • Innervation: Tibial nerve.
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11
Q

Flexor hallucis longus

A
  • Origin: Distal 2/3 of posterior fibula and interosseous
    membrane.
  • Insertion: Bases of the distal phalanx 1.
  • Action: Ankle plantar flexion and foot inversion; Hallux
    MTP and IP flexion; Supports longitudinal arch of the foot.
  • Innervation: Tibial nerve.
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12
Q

Popliteus

A
  • Origin: Lateral femoral condyle and posterior horn of
    the lateral meniscus.
  • Insertion: Posterior surface of tibia proximal to soleal
    line.
  • Action: Knee: externally rotates the femur on the tibia
    in the standing knee extended position (unlocks knee).
  • Innervation: Tibial nerve.
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13
Q

Lumbricals

A

4 small muscles in the sole of the foot.
From 2-5 phalanges.
Flex and adduct toes 2-5.

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14
Q

Abductor hallucis

A

Superficial and medial in the foot.

Abduct and flex the big toe.

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15
Q

Flexor digitorum brevis

A

Broad muscle, deep in the sole of the foot.

Flexion at MTP of toes 2-5.

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16
Q

Abductor digiti minimi

A

Unipennate muscle in lateral part of sole.

Abducts 5th toe. Supports lateral longitudinal arch of the foot.

17
Q

Quadretus plantae

A

Central plantar muscle of the foot.

Shortens flexor digitorum longus tendons when foot is in plantar flexion.

18
Q

Flexor digiti minimi brevis

A

Lateral, plantar. Small muscle.

Toe flexion of MTP joint 5.

19
Q

Plantar interossei

A

Small muscles in central compartment of sole.
MTP 3-5: Toe flexion, adduction.
IP 3-5: Toe extension

Anatomy - BPT04 (28 decks)

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