Orthoses Flashcards
Pressure sensitive areas for transtibial prosthetics
- Ant tibia
- Ant tibial crest
- Fibular head and neck
- Fibular nerve
Pressure tolerant areas for transtibial prosthetics
- Patellar tendon
- Medial tibial plateu
- Tibial and fibular shafts
- Distal end
What are the three types of suspension for transtibial prosthetics
Supracondylar leather cuff
Supracondylar socket
Supracondyler/suprapatellar suspension (short residual limbs)
What is the purpose of a Flexible AFO?
Provide DF - Foot drop
What is the difference between a rigid AFO and a Flexible AFO?
Rigid AFO blocks all ankle movements and stabilises the ST joint
Solid AFO
No DF/PF/Inv/EV prevents varus/valgus deviations
Have a wide calf shell and are set at 90 degrees
Posterior leaf spring (PLS)
Aids weak ankle dorsi flexors by resisting PF when walking
Have a narrow calf shell and provide no side control of the ankle
Plantar stop
Produces a flexion moment at the knee during HS
Controls Plantar flexor spasticity
Used for PF contractures and unstable knees
DF stop
Compensates for the function of the Gastroc/soleus
Assists.push off and assists the knee into extension
Set at 5 degrees DF
RGO
Provides contralateral hip extension with ipsilateral hip flexion - passive via cable.
Aids in resisting adduction
Hip Guided orthosis
Requires UL strength, balance and actie hip flexion.
Active unilateral hip flexion assists gait.
HKAFO
Hip joint band attached to a KAFO
Hip F/E instability
Add/Abd weakness
IR/ER instability
SACH Heel
Absorps impact during heel strike - reduced PF strain
Heel Wedge
Promotes inversion/eversion
Metatarsal bar
Proximal to the MT heads, relieve pressure on the MT heads
Rocker bottom
Builds sole over MT heads to improve push off - weak or inflexible foot. ( Can use with insensitive foot)
Forefoot posting
Contraindicated for insensitive foot
Supports forefoot
Rear foot posting
Alters the position of the ST joint from heel strike to foot flat. - Varus post controls eversion and tibial IR
Valgus post controls inversion and calc for the excessively supinated foot at heel strike
Thomas heel
Longitudinal arch support for pronated foot
MT Pad
Redistribute pressure from MET heads to shaft - metatarsalgia/neuroma
Scaphoid pads
Longitudinal arch support - support for mid and hind foot.
Cervical Halo
Maximal control to stabilise cervical fractures or SCI - allow early functional retraining and early mobilisation
What are the standard measurements for an Adult wheelchair
Seat height 20inches, seat depth 16inches, seat width 18 inches
A patient with a C1-4 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?
Power, with tilt in space seating or reclining seat back
A patient with a C5 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?
Manual with propulsion aids. Power chair for distances.
Independent over short distances if flat/smooth surface
A patient with a C6 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?
Manual wheelchair but power for community ambulation
A patient with a C7 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?
Manual with friction surface hand rims - independent with increased propulsion assist
A patient with a C8-T1 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?
Manual with standard rims
