Orthoses

Question 1

Pressure sensitive areas for transtibial prosthetics

Answer 1

• Ant tibia
• Ant tibial crest
• Fibular head and neck
• Fibular nerve

Question 2

Pressure tolerant areas for transtibial prosthetics

Answer 2

• Patellar tendon
• Medial tibial plateu
• Tibial and fibular shafts
• Distal end

Question 3

What are the three types of suspension for transtibial prosthetics

Answer 3

Supracondylar leather cuff
Supracondylar socket
Supracondyler/suprapatellar suspension (short residual limbs)

Question 4

What is the purpose of a Flexible AFO?

Answer 4

Provide DF - Foot drop

Question 5

What is the difference between a rigid AFO and a Flexible AFO?

Answer 5

Rigid AFO blocks all ankle movements and stabilises the ST joint

Question 6

Solid AFO

Answer 6

No DF/PF/Inv/EV prevents varus/valgus deviations

Have a wide calf shell and are set at 90 degrees

Question 7

Posterior leaf spring (PLS)

Answer 7

Aids weak ankle dorsi flexors by resisting PF when walking

Have a narrow calf shell and provide no side control of the ankle

Question 8

Plantar stop

Answer 8

Produces a flexion moment at the knee during HS
Controls Plantar flexor spasticity
Used for PF contractures and unstable knees

Question 9

DF stop

Answer 9

Compensates for the function of the Gastroc/soleus
Assists.push off and assists the knee into extension
Set at 5 degrees DF

Question 10

RGO

Answer 10

Provides contralateral hip extension with ipsilateral hip flexion - passive via cable.
Aids in resisting adduction

Question 11

Hip Guided orthosis

Answer 11

Requires UL strength, balance and actie hip flexion.

Active unilateral hip flexion assists gait.

Question 12

HKAFO

Answer 12

Hip joint band attached to a KAFO
Hip F/E instability
Add/Abd weakness
IR/ER instability

Question 13

SACH Heel

Answer 13

Absorps impact during heel strike - reduced PF strain

Question 14

Heel Wedge

Answer 14

Promotes inversion/eversion

Question 15

Metatarsal bar

Answer 15

Proximal to the MT heads, relieve pressure on the MT heads

Question 16

Rocker bottom

Answer 16

Builds sole over MT heads to improve push off - weak or inflexible foot. ( Can use with insensitive foot)

Question 17

Forefoot posting

Answer 17

Contraindicated for insensitive foot

Supports forefoot

Question 18

Rear foot posting

Answer 18

Alters the position of the ST joint from heel strike to foot flat. - Varus post controls eversion and tibial IR
Valgus post controls inversion and calc for the excessively supinated foot at heel strike

Question 19

Thomas heel

Answer 19

Longitudinal arch support for pronated foot

Question 20

MT Pad

Answer 20

Redistribute pressure from MET heads to shaft - metatarsalgia/neuroma

Question 21

Scaphoid pads

Answer 21

Longitudinal arch support - support for mid and hind foot.

Question 22

Cervical Halo

Answer 22

Maximal control to stabilise cervical fractures or SCI - allow early functional retraining and early mobilisation

Question 23

What are the standard measurements for an Adult wheelchair

Answer 23

Seat height 20inches, seat depth 16inches, seat width 18 inches

Question 24

A patient with a C1-4 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?

Answer 24

Power, with tilt in space seating or reclining seat back

Question 25

A patient with a C5 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?

Answer 25

Manual with propulsion aids. Power chair for distances.

Independent over short distances if flat/smooth surface

Question 26

A patient with a C6 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?

Answer 26

Manual wheelchair but power for community ambulation

Question 27

A patient with a C7 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?

Answer 27

Manual with friction surface hand rims - independent with increased propulsion assist

Question 28

A patient with a C8-T1 spinal cord injury would normally have which type of w/c?

Answer 28

Manual with standard rims