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NPTE > Musculoskeletal system > Flashcards

Musculoskeletal system Flashcards

1
Q

What are the ROM norms for the shoulder

A 
F = 180
E - 60
Abd - 180
IR - 70
ER- 90
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2
Q

What are the ROM norms for the Elbow

A

F - 150
E - 0
Pro/sup: 80

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3
Q

What are the ROM norms for the Foreamr

A

Pro/Sup 80

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4
Q

What are the ROM norms for the wrist

A

Ext; 70
F; 80
RD; 20
UD; 30

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5
Q

What are the ROM norms for the Hip

A 
F - 120
E- 30
Abd: 45
Add 30
IR 45
ER 45
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6
Q

What are the ROM norms for the Knee

A

F 125

E 0

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7
Q

What are the ROM norms for the ankle

A

DF 20
PF 50
Inv 35
Ev 15

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8
Q

What are the ROM norms for the STJ

A

Inv 5

Ev 5

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9
Q

What are the ROM norms for the Csp

A

F/E/LF 45

Rot 60

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10
Q

What are the ROM norms for the Tsp and Lsp

A

F 80
E 25
LF 35
Rot 45

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11
Q

Adson maneuver

A

TOS secondary to cervical rib. Radial pulse. Rot to face test shoulder extend head while ER and ext shoulder. Hold breath

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12
Q

Allens test

A

TOS second to pec syndrome. Elbow 90 degrees - shoulder horizontal ext and ER. Rot head away. Palpate pulse.

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13
Q

Wright test

A

TOS second to compression in costoclav. hyperabd arm over head palpate radial pulse

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14
Q

Costoclav syndrome test

A

TOS scond to costoclav syndrome. Radial pulse then shoulder back and down - pulse decreases/disappears

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15
Q

Halstead maneuver

A

TOS second to ant scalene syndrome. Radial pulse and apply a downward traction on extremity while head hyperextended and rotated to opposite side.

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16
Q

Lateral pivot shift test of the elbow

A

Elbow extended and forearm supinated - flex and valgus stress plus axial compression. maintain supination. 40-70 degrees sudden clunk can be palpated and seen.

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17
Q

Pinch test

A

Pathology to anterior interosseous nerve. Pinch tips of index finger and thumb together.

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18
Q

Bunnel-littler test

A

Ax of tightness in structures around MCP. Capsule tight = limited PIP and MCP flexion. More PIP F with MCP flex - tight intrinsic mm.

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19
Q

Tight retinacular test

A

PIP neutral - flex DIP. Then Flex PIP and flex DIP. If DIP doesnt flex - retinacular ligg tight. if PIP flexed and DIP flex capsule normal.

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20
Q

Piano keys test

A

Instability of distal RUJ- stabilise and push down on distal ulna.

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21
Q

Phalens test - and reverse Phalens

A

CTS - max flexion

Max extension - median n pathology

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22
Q

Murphys sign

A

lunate dislocation - make a fist - head of thrid MC level with second and 4th MC

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23
Q

Ely’s test

A

Tight Rec Fem - prone passive flexion of knee

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24
Q

Craigs test

A

Femoral anteversion - prone then IR and ER hip until GT parallel with table.

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25
Q

Buttock sign

A

SLR - if limited, flex knee - if no more hip flexion can be obtained then buttock or hip lesion

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26
Q

Piriformis test

A

Supine - flex hip to 60 with knee flexed - stabilised and downward pressure on the knee. Pinching or pain.

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27
Q

True leg length

A

ASIS to let malleolus. Difference 1-1.5 or more

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28
Q

Hughstons plica test

A

Flex knee and IR tibia - medial patella glide. Passively flex and extend the knee feeling for ‘popping’ of the plica.

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29
Q

Talar tilt test

A

CFL instability - tilt into add/abd

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30
Q

Lhermitte’s sign

A

Dural irritation in the spine possible cervical myelopathy - long sitting - passively flex head and hip simultaneously- sharp pain spine and upper or lower limbs.

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31
Q

VBI testing

A

Head and neck into ext and LF, rotate to same side and hold 30 sec.

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32
Q

mm responsible for scapular elevation

Scapular depression, protraction, retraction, down and up rotation

A

elevation: Upper trap, lev scap
depression: lat dorsi, pec major/minor, Lower trap
Protraction: pec minor, serratus ant
Retraction; trap, rhomboids
Down rotation: rhomboids, lev scap, pec minor
Upward rotation: trap, serratus ant

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33
Q

Actions of the TMJ include: depression, elevation, lateral deviation, protraction and retraction. Which muscles are responsible

A

Depression: digastric, lateral pterygoid, supra/infrahyoid
Elevation: temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid bilat
Lat dev: lateral pterygoid on ipsilat, med pterygoid CL
Protrusion; ant temporalis, bilateral pterygoids
Retrusion: post temporalis, masster, digastric

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34
Q

Colles fracture

A

Wrist fracture of forearm of distal radius FOOSH

‘dinner fork’. Dorsal displacement of distal radius

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35
Q

Smiths fracture

A

Distal radius fracture flexed wrist. ‘Garden spade deformity’ . Volar displacment of distal radius

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36
Q

Scaphoid

A

Foosh

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37
Q

Boxers fracture

A

MC fracture

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38
Q

keinbocks disease

A

Necrosis of the lunate

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39
Q

Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita

A

congenital deformity of skeletal and soft tissue - restricted movement inutero

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40
Q

DMD

A

Mutation of dystrophin gene - progressive disease with life expectancy in 30s

41
Q

Ehler Danlos

A

inherited connective disorder which affects skin, joints and blood vessel walls - mutations in COL5ACOL3A genes involve with collagen.
Abnormal scar and wound healing, fragile thin blood vessels, soft, stretchy skin, hypermobile.

42
Q

Marfans syndrome

A

Genetic connective tissue disorder. Abnormal fibrillin-1 gene. Tall thin, loose jointed, flat feet, scoliosis. Leaky valves.

43
Q

Osteogenesis imperfecta

A

Abnormal collagen synthesis during bone development = abnormal bone formation.
Pathological fractures, brittle bones, hypermobility, bowing of long bones, weakness, scoliosis

44
Q

Charcot-marie tooth

A

Weakness and paresthesia in lower extremity progressing to upper extremity

45
Q

Scleroderma

A

Calcium deposits in skin, raynauds, red sponds on hand/face

46
Q

Systemic lupus

A

Red butterfly rash on face, fatigue, worse with stress, arthralgia, malaise

47
Q

Dermatomyositis

A

Proximal symmetrical muscle weakness, face rash, gottrol papules (red rash over MCP, PIP and DIP

48
Q

SLAP Lesions I-IV

A

Type 1: Degen fraying, bicep still attached
Type II: Detachment of sup labrum from glenoid rim
Type III: Bucket handle labral tear, bicep tendon remains attached
type IV - intrasubstance tear of biceps tendon plus bucket handle tear of superior labrum.

49
Q

Traction should use how much body weight for soft tissue effects?

50
Q

Torticollis is named after which side?

51
Q

Normal anteversion is 15 degrees. What is considered exessive anteversion and retrovsrsion. What is the normal angle of inclination of the hip? what is coxa vara and coxa valga?

A 
Excessive anteversion > 15 degrees - toe in
Retroversion <15 degrees toe out
Normal angle of inclination 125 degrees
Coxa valga > 125 degrees - adduction
Coxa Vara <125 abduction
52
Q

What is the normal fick angle - how does it present clinically

A

normal 13-18 degrees
Greater than 13-18 = toe out further
Less than 13 degrees = toe in further.

53
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the vertebral joints

A 
Loose = mid F/e
Closed = max ext
54
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the TMJ

A 
Loose = slightly open
Closed = mouth closed with teeth clenched or fully open
55
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the sternoclav

A

Arm by side - open

Full elevation - closed

56
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the ACJ

A

Arm by side - open

Abd to 90 degrees - closed

57
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the GHJ

A

50-70 degrees abd, 30 Hadd, N - open

Max abd and ER - closed

58
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Humeroulnar

A

70 F 10 sup open

full e and sup - closed

59
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Humeroradial

A

Full E and Sup - open

90 F and 5 sup - closed

60
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Prox RUJ

A

70 degrees F 35 degrees Sup - open

FUll ext 5 sup - closed

61
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Distal RUJ

A

10 sup - open

5 sup - closed

62
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Radio/ulnocarpal

A

Neutral - slight UD - open

Full E and RD - closed

63
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Mid Carpal

A

N, Slight F, Slight UD - open

Full E - closed

64
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Carpometacarpal

A

Mid F/E open

full opposition - closed

65
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the 1st MCP

A

Slight F open

Full E closed

66
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the 2nd to 5th MCP

A

Slight f/UD open

Full flexion - closed

67
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the PIP

A

10 F open

Full E closed

68
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the DIP

A

30 F open

Full E closed

69
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Hip

A

30 F, 30 abd, slight ER - open

Full E, Abd, IR - closed

70
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the knee

A

25 flex open

Full E closed

71
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the TCJ

A

10 degrees PF - open

Full DF closed

72
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the STJ

A

10 degrees PF - open

Full inversion - closed

73
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the Mid tarsal joints

A

10 degrees PF - open

FUll supination - closed

74
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the TMT

A

Neutral - open

Full Supination - closed

75
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the MTP

A

Neutral -open

Full Extension - closed

76
Q

Loose and closed packed positions for the IP

A

Slight F open

Full E - closed

77
Q

Forward head posture leads to which position of the TMJ

A

Posterior displacement of the mandible due to passive tension in suprahyoid and infrahyoid mm.

78
Q

Bennetts fracture

A

intraarticular fracture +/- sub;uxation. Axial load of MC while in slight F

79
Q

Post innominate rotation - leads to what movement of the sacrum

80
Q

Ant inominate rotation leads to what movement of the sacrum

A

Counternutation

81
Q

The supine to sit test gives which result for anterior rotation/

A

Long to short

82
Q

The supine to sit test gives which result for post rotation

A

Short to long

83
Q

Boutonnieres deformity

A

Extended MCP, Flexed PIP, extended DIP

84
Q

What is a Symes amputation

A

Removal of ankle joint proximal to malleoli

85
Q

What is the capsular pattern for the thoracic spine?

86
Q

What is nobles compression test

A

Test for ITB syndrome - positive at 30 degrees flex

87
Q

Progressive limitations for Adhesive capsulitis show limitation in which ROM first, second, third?

A

ER > Abd > IR

88
Q

What is the difference between Ortolani test and Barlows test?

A

Both hip tests for under 3/12 old. Barlows is looking to dislocate the hip, Ortolani test is relocating the hips. T

89
Q

Pes anserine bursitis will present with what in the hamstrings and quads?

A

Tight hamstrings, weak quads.

90
Q

An inferior GH Glide will aid which physiological movements of the shoulder

91
Q

TMJ Hypermobility causes jaw deviation towards which side?

A

Deviation towards the contralateral side - stronger side

92
Q

TMJ disc displacement without reduction is what?

A

Displacement of the disc without click/pop. Limited opening. Deflection of the jaw to the ipsilateral side. Limited lateral excursion to the contralateral side.

93
Q

TMJ opening has two phases, what are they?

A

Mandibular depression:

  1. Rotation 20-25mm
  2. Translation 15-20mm
94
Q

Which muscles are responsible for opening of the TMJ

A

Bilateral lateral pterygoids, digastric

95
Q

Which muscles are responsible for closing of the TMJ

A

Bilateral temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoids

96
Q

Which muscles are responsible for Lateral deviation of the TMJ

A

Ipsilateral lateral pterygoid, and masseter

Contralateral medial pterygoid

97
Q

Which muscles are responsible for protrusion of the TMJ

A

Bilateral lat and med pterygoid, anterior temporalis

98
Q

Which muscles are responsible for retrusion

A

Bilatral post temporalis, digastric, hyoids

99
Q

What is the pattern of restriction in frozen shoulder from greatest to least amount of range lost

A

ER > Abd > IR

NPTE (19 decks)

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