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PANRE > Ortho > Flashcards

Ortho Flashcards

1
Q

What is the most common joint pathogen in septic arthritis?

A

Staph Aureus

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2
Q

What cancers met to bone?

A

Prostate
Breast
Lung
Thyroid

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3
Q

Most common benign bone neoplasm?

A

Enchondroma

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4
Q

Most common primary sarcoma?

A

Chondrosarcoma

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5
Q

Most common primary malignant bone tumor?

A

Multiple Myeloma

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6
Q

What is the age range / location of Ewing sarcoma?

A

5-25, and diaphysis or long bones / ribs

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7
Q

What is the age range / location of osteosarcoma?

A

10-20, and in metaphysis of long bones

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8
Q

What type of pain is most often associated with malignancy?

A

Night pain

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9
Q

What test is used to identify specific abnormal globulins of multiple myeloma?

A

protein electrophoresis

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10
Q

What are modifiable risk factors for osteoporosis?

A 
ETOH
smoking
low body weight
sedentary lifestyle
low calcium
low vitamin D
steroids
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11
Q

First line treatment for osteoporosis?

A

bisphosphonate

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12
Q

How to describe a Colles fracture?

A

dorsal displacement of distal radius

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13
Q

How to describe a Smith fracture?

A

volar displacement of distal radius

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14
Q

What orthopedic finding is a red flag for child abuse?

A

multiple fractures in various stages of healing

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15
Q

Most common cause of facial pain?

A

TMJ

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16
Q

Most common condition affecting C-spine?

A

spondylosis

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17
Q

Most painful conditions of hand and wrist?

A

OA and RA

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18
Q

What is OA of the wrist from lunate osteonecrosis called?

A

Kienbock disease

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19
Q

What condition affects palmar aponeurosis causes painful nodules, pitting and contratures?

A

Dupuytren’s disease

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20
Q

Most common mononeuropathy?

A

carpal tunnel syndrome

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21
Q

Tapping of volar aspect of wrist causes pain - what’s it called?

A

Tinel’s sign

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22
Q

What’s it called when wrist flexion causes pain?

A

Phalen’s sign

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23
Q

What bug associated with human bite? How to treat?

A

Eikenella Corrodens, treated with Augmentin

24
Q

Most common fracture of the wrist?

A

Colles fracture

25
Q

Sprain of ulnar collateral ligament?

A

Gamekeeper’s thumb

26
Q

Most common fracture of elbow in adults?

A

Radial head fracture

27
Q

How is a radial head fracture usually diagnosed?

A

posterior fat pad or “sail sign” of anterior fat pad on plain film

28
Q

Most common fracture of carpal bones?

A

scaphoid

29
Q

What is tenosynovitis of abductor pollicis and extensor pollicis brevis called?

A

DeQuervains disease

30
Q

What test is used to diagnose DeQuervains disease?

A

Finkelstein test

31
Q

Most common cause of low back pain?

A

prolapsed intervertebral disk

32
Q

Where is pain from sciatica felt?

A

posterior leg to lateral malleolus

33
Q

What pain is worse when walking, relieved by leaning forward?

A

spinal stenosis

34
Q

What exercises are helpful for low back pain

A

McKenzie exercises

35
Q

Most common location / presentation of scoliosis?

A

T7 / T8 and to the right

36
Q

What is juvenile kyphosis called?

A

Scheuermann’s disease

37
Q

What is TB of the spine called?

A

Potts disease

38
Q

Most common extrapulmonary location of TB?

A

spine

39
Q

What is a seronegative spondyloarthropathy that progresses to fusion called?

A

Ankylosing Spondylitis

40
Q

Which lab test is positive in anklyosing spodylitis and Reiter’s syndrome

A

HLA-B27

41
Q

What is considered the best exercise for ankylosing spondylitis?

A

swimming

42
Q

What is aseptic necrosis of the hips in children called?

A

Legg-Calve-Perthes disease

43
Q

Which xray view is used to diagnose slipped capital femoral epiphysis (SCFE)?

A

frog leg lateral pelvis

44
Q

What part of the meniscus is most often injured?

A

Medial

45
Q

What tests are helpful in diagnosing meniscal tears?

A

McMurray and Apley tests

46
Q

Average age / gender of patient with Osgood Schlatter disease?

A

12 year old / male

47
Q

Most commonly injured knee ligament?

A

ACL

48
Q

Most sensitive test to diagnose ACL tear?

A

Lachman’s test

49
Q

Most common sports-related injury?

A

ankle sprains

50
Q

What test checks for ankle stability?

A

anterior drawer test

51
Q

Another name for a bunion?

A

Hallux valgus

52
Q

When is plantar fasciitis pain most common?

A

first thing in AM

53
Q

What does excess PTH do in the body

A

increase calcium levels

54
Q

Most common cause of hypercalcemia in ambulatory patients?

A

HyperPTH

55
Q

Most common cause of hypercalcemia in hospitalized patients?

A

Cancer

56
Q

Most common pathological fracture site?

A

Jaw

57
Q

What lab test confirms hyperparathyroidism?

A

elevated PTH

PANRE (18 decks)

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