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PANRE > Derm > Flashcards

Derm Flashcards

1
Q

Rubbing a lesion that causes urticarial flare is referred to as?

A

Darier’s sign

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2
Q

Pinpoint bleeding after a scale is removed is referred to as?

A

Auspitz sign

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3
Q

Pushing a blister causing further separation of the dermis is referred to as?

A

Nikolsky’s sign

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4
Q

A patch test demonstrates what?

A

hypersensitivity reaction

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5
Q

Minor trauma leading to new lesions at the site of trauma is referred to as?

A

Koebner phenomenon

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6
Q

What test is used to identify dermatophyte infection?

A

KOH prep

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7
Q

Thickened skin with distinct borders, often resulting from excessive scratching or prolonged irritation is referred to as?

A

lichenification

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8
Q

You are examining a child with diaper rash, and you notice satellite lesions - what do you suspect?

A

Candida infection

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9
Q

Where is the rash of atopic dermatitis most commonly located?

A

Flexor surfaces, neck, eyelids, forehead, face, dorsum of hands / feet

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10
Q

Mainstay of treatment of atopic dermatitis?

A

topical corticosteroids

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11
Q

Treatment of dandruff, shampoos with which two elements have been shown beneficial for acute flareups?

A

Selenium

Zinc

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12
Q

Describe skin manifestations of lichenification

A

well-circumscribed plaques, highly pruritic, which set up a cycle of itch-scratch lesions

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13
Q

Round, salmon-colored, slightly rasied, papular / macular lesions aligned in a “christmas tree-like distribution”, what do you suspect?

A

pityriasis rosea

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14
Q

Pityriasis rosea is a self-limiting condition, of what duration?

A

3-8 weeks

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15
Q

Cause of molluscum contagiosum?

A

Poxvirus

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16
Q

The 4 P’s of lichen planus?

A

Purple
Polygonal
Pruritic
Papule

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17
Q

Describe the lesion of lichen planus

A

Flat-topped, shiny, violaceous papules with fine white lines on the surface (Wickham Striae)

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18
Q

True / False: Koebner phenomenon is seen in lichen planus?

A

True

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19
Q

All patients with lichen planus should be screened for what other disease?

A

Hep C

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20
Q

In what climate is dyshydrotic eczematous dermatitis (dyshidrosis) seen?

A

hot, humid weather

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21
Q

What is the basic pathology of psoriasis?

A

enhanced epidermal cell turnover

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22
Q

In psoriatic lesions, peeling away a scale produces specks of bleeding from capillaries? What is this called?

A

Auspitz sign

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23
Q

In patients with psoriasis, scratching leads to more lesions. What’s this called?

A

Koebner phenomenon

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24
Q

Most common variant of psoriasis?

A

Psoriasis vulgaris

25
Q

Which form of psoriasis involves the entire skin surface?

A

Psoriatic erythroderma

26
Q

Pemphigus vulgaris is more commonly seen in people of what descent?

A

Jewish or Mediterranean

27
Q

In pemphigus vulgaris, there is lateral extensino of the lesions when they are pushed. What is this called?

A

Nikolsky’s sign

28
Q

What are hallmark lesions of acne called?

A

Comedones

29
Q

Topical preparations used in treatment of mild acne?

A

Retinoids
Azelaic Acid
Salicylic Acid

30
Q

Drug of choice for more serious or cystic acne?

A

Tetracyclines

31
Q

True / False: acne rosacea is a chronic acneiform disorder mainly affecting women between 30-50 yrs of age

A

True

32
Q

Typical triggers of acne roseacea?

A

Heat, alcohol, sun, hot / spicy foods

33
Q

What is characterized by insidious onset of scattered, small, papulopustules (sometimes nodules), where there are NO comedones and the face appears flushed?

A

Acne rosacea

34
Q

What does the suffix -phyma mean?

A

“enlarged”

35
Q

Most common cause of folliculitis?

A

staph aureus

36
Q

Cause of folliculitis in hot tub users?

A

Pseudomonas

37
Q

Three common causes of erythema multiforme?

A

Drugs (sulfonamids, phenytoin, barbiturates, PCN, allopurinol)
Infections (HSV, Mycoplasma)
Idiopathic (50% of cases)

38
Q

Hallmark of erythema multiforme major?

A

mucosal lesions that are painful and erode

39
Q

What two conditions are mucocutaneous blistering reactions, most often caused by a drug reaction?

A

Steven-Johnson syndrome

Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN)

40
Q

Where should SJS / TEN patients with extensive necrolysis be cared for?

A

Burn unit

41
Q

What pathogen is most common cause of furuncles?

A

Staph Aureus

42
Q

First step in treatment of furuncles and carbuncles?

A

Warm, moist compresses

43
Q

When beginning broad-spectrum abx for cellulitis, what three organisms should be covered?

A

H. Flu
Strep
Staph

44
Q

In PCN-allergic patients, what is most appropriate alternative antibiotic?

A

Erythromycin

45
Q

What should a patient taking griseofulvin avoid ingesting?

A

alcohol

46
Q

What is the cause of tinea versicolor?

A

Malassezia furfur

47
Q

Characteristic feature of tinea versicolor?

A

hypo or hyperpigmented macules that do not tan in areas of overgrowth

48
Q

Treatment of choice for tinea versicolor?

A

selenium sulfide shampoo

49
Q

Most common distribution seen in scabies?

A

hands, wrists, interweb spaces

50
Q

What is the most important spider bite that can puncture skin in the US?

A

brown recluse spider (loxosceles reclusa)

51
Q

What three topical insecticides are considered first line treatment of pediculosis (lice)?

A

Permethrin
Pyrethrins
Malathion

52
Q

Most common type of malignant melanoma?

A

superficial spreading malignant melanoma

53
Q

How is prognosis determined in melanoma patients?

A

depth of the lesion (Breslow depth)

54
Q

The two most common skin neoplasms?

A

Squamous and Basal cell carcinoma

55
Q

Typical presentation of squamous cell lesions?

A

sharply demarcated, scaling, hyperkeratotic macule / papule or plaque

56
Q

How are stage I decubitus ulcers characterized?

A

non-blanching erythema of intact skin

57
Q

Most effective solution for new-onset and smaller areas of hair loss?

A

minoxidil

58
Q

Alopecia areata may be seen in what four diseases?

A

thyroiditis
pernicious anemia
SLE
addison disease

59
Q

What is a felon?

A

subcutaneous infection of the pulp space of the nail

PANRE (18 decks)

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