Orofacial W10 Anomolies Flashcards
Anomaly
Noticeable different
Dental anomaly
Deviations of dental tissue origin derived from enamel cementum or dentin
Dental anomalies can be caused by
A multitude of things or by just one small variation in the environment
Intrinsic factor
Meaning internal
Ex hereditary, metabolic dysfunction or mutations
Extrinsic factor
Meaning external, causes originating outside the body
Ex. Physical/chemical trauma, biologic agent, nutritional deficiency, stress, habits, environmental conditions
If a condition occurs due to genetic makeup it is termed
Hereditary
Congenital condition occurs at or before
Birth
Developmental anomaly condition results during the
Formation and development of teeth
2 classification of dental anomalies
Variation in size of teeth
Variation in number of teeth
Macrodontia
Teeth are too large
Microdontia
Teeth are too small
Hyperdontia
Multiple or extra teeth
(Supernumerary)
Anodontia
Too few teeth
The most common malformed tooth is the ?
Shape of it?
Maxillary lateral incisor
Peg shaped
Supernumerary teeth are most commonly located in where in the maxillae and where in mandible
Midline and molar regions (maxillae)
Premolar region (mandible)
Maxillary supernumerary teeth outnumber mandibular
9 to 1
Most common missing permanent teeth
Maxillary 3rd molars
Maxillary lateral incisors
The least likely permanent teeth to be missing is
The canines
Mesiodens refers to
Supernumerary teeth in midline of maxillae
(Peg shaped)
Fourth molars are termed ?
Located where
Distomolars
Distal to 3rd molar
Supernumerary tooth that is situated buccal or lingual into a molar is called
Paramolar
If a supernumerary resembles a regular tooth it is termed
Supplemental
Cone shaped supernumerary called
Conical
If supernumerary is very small it is called
Tubercle
Are supernumerary teeth more common in the permanent dentition or primary dentition
Permanent
Odontoma is a
Tumerous anomaly of calcified dental tissue
2 types of odontoma
Complex
Compound
Complex odontoma refers to a single mass of
Dentin, cementum and enamel in a large blob or unspecified shaoe
Compound odontoma refers to several
Small masses that resemble small rudimentary teeth
Dens in dente
Tooth within a tooth
Most affected teeth in regard to dens en dente
Perm maxillary lateral incisors (12&22)
A severe bend or distortion in the tooth root and crown of more than 40° is termed
Dilaceration
A sharp curvature or twist of a tooth ROOT only is called
Flexion
Dwarfed roots
teeth have extremely short roots in comparison of size of the crowns
Germination is a
Developmental anomaly; when a tooth attempts to divide itself or partially twist itself by splitting its tooth germ
Germination could result in twin teeth but in most cases germinated teeth are only
Partially split
Germinated teeth typically have a single root and a common
Pulp canal
A tooth split into 2 crowns with 2 root would be termed
Bifid tooth or bifurcated crown
Form of germination called twinning occurs when
A single tooth germ splits, forming two nearly identical teeth but remaining fused as one
Twinning is most commonly seen in the anterior area and more often in what dentition
Promary
Fusion occurs when 2
Adjacent tooth germs jnite
The fusion of teeth must be made at the
Dentin
If the teeth are only connected by their cementum it is not fusion but ?
Concrescence occurred
Concresence are originally separate teeth that fuse by their cementum and occurs as a result of
Trauma
Hypercementosis
Deposition of excessive amounts of secondary cementum
Hypercementosis usually occurs at the
Apex of a tooth
Cementoma
Form of hypercementosis that is also associated with localized destruction of bone
Enamel pearls are what? Where are they found ?
Small masses of excess enamel (misplaced group of ameloblasts)
Found at bifurcation or trifucation
Hutchinsons incisors
Notched incisors sometimes called screwdriver shape
Formed as a result of prenatal syphilis
2 types of enamel dysplasia
Enamel hypoplasia
Enamel hypocalcification
What causes enamel hypoplasia
Any condition that inhibits enamel formation (fever, inflammation, systemic disease)
Results in small pits or grooves in crowns
Enamel hypocalcification caused by a condition
That inhibits the calcification of enamel
Most common form of enamel hypocalcification
Enamel fluorosis
Enamel fluorosis is caused by
Excessive fluoride in the tooth structure
Enamel fluorosis can range from small white flecks to large
Opaque areas to brownish spots
Mottled enamel
Brownish in colour
Severe cases of enamel fluorosis
Amelogenesis imperfecta
When enamel is present, it’s thin, and stained with various shades of yellow and brown
Hypocalcification of a single tooth, usually maxillary incisor
Turners tooth
Turners tooth occurs if a developing permanent tooth is affected by a
Local infection or trauma
Dentinogenisis imperfecta presents as
Dentin is gray brown or yellow and the tooth has a translucent hue
The most striking feature of dentinogenesis imperfecta is that
Pulp chamber and root canal are completely filled with dentin
Tetracycline staining presents as
Tooth discolouration: yellow to brown or greyish blue
If expectant mother or young child with developing crown takes tetracycline antibiotics then what occurs
Tetracycline staining
