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Gross Anatomy > Organs Detailed > Flashcards

Organs Detailed Flashcards

1
Q

Stomach

A

storage via Rugae
food digested to chyme
physical breakdown by muscularis externa and HCl
pepsin for chemical breakdown (esp proteins)

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2
Q

Pyloric Sphincter

A

regulates movement of chyme from stomach to SI

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3
Q

Mucosa of Stomach

A

contains gastric pits that contain gastric glands

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4
Q

Mucous Surface Cells

A

Secrete mucus

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5
Q

Mucous Neck Cells

A

line upper walls (neck) of ducts

secrete mucus

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6
Q

Parietal Cells

A

secrete HCL and intrinsic factor

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7
Q

Chief Cells

A

secrete pepsinogen and gastric lipase

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8
Q

Enteroendocrine Cells

A

secrete hormones that diffuse into blood vessels

Gastrin- stims other glands to increase output

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9
Q

Left Gastric Artery

A

supplies esophagus and stomach

from Celiac Trunk

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10
Q

Splenic Artery

A

supplies pancreas, stomach, spleen, greater omentum

from Celiac Trunk

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11
Q

Common Hepatic Artery

A

splits into proper hepatic and gastroduodenal artery

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12
Q

Proper Hepatic Artery

A

Supplies gallbladder via cystic artery

Splits into R and L Hepatic

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13
Q

Gastroduodenal Artery

A

Supplies pancreas, stomach, greater omentum, duodenum

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14
Q

Drainage into Hepatic Portal Vein

A 
Superior Mesenteric- from stomach, SI, LI
Splenic- stomach, spleen, pancreas
Inferior Mesenteric- LI, rectum
L+R Gastric- stomach
Cystic- gall bladder
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15
Q

Hepatic Portal Vein

A

delivers deoxygenated, nutrient rich blood to liver

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16
Q

Proper Hepatic Artery

A

delivers oxygenated blood to liver

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17
Q

Sinusoids of Liver

A

blood capillaries of liver

contain Kupffer’s cells- phagocytic

18
Q

Bile

A

made in liver and stored in gallbladder
alkaline
consists of bile salts, pigments, phospholipids, cholesterol, ions

19
Q

Bilirubin

A

primary bile pigment

if not broken down in intestine and reabsorbed- jaundice

20
Q

Major Duodenal Papilla

A

contains opening of hepatopancreatic ampulla

21
Q

Minor Duodenal Papilla

A

contains opening of accessory pancreatic duct

22
Q

J vs I Arcades of Mesentery

A

J- 1-2

I- 3+

23
Q

J vs I Vasa Recta of Mesentery

A

J- Long

I- Short

24
Q

J vs I Circular Folds

A

J- large and many

I- few and small

25
Q

Peyer’s Patches

A

Lymphatic nodules in the mucosa and submucosa of the ileum

26
Q

Brunner’s Glands

A

secrete mucus

in submucosa of duodenum

27
Q

Acini

A

exocrine cells of the pancreas

make digestive enzymes that go into GI Tract

28
Q

Acini associated cells

A

make sodium bicarbonate that makes fluid alkaline

29
Q

Hepatopancreatic Ampulla

A

combined duct of main pancreatic and common bile ducts

enters duodenum as major duodenal papilla

30
Q

Accessory Pancreatic Duct

A

enters duodenum at minor duodenal papilla

31
Q

Appendix

A

lots of lymphatic nodules

-in lamina propria of mucosa; some in submucosa

32
Q

Superior Mesenteric Artery

A

branches from aorta
supplies pancreas head, distal duodenum, jejunum, ileum, cecum, appendix, ascending colon, proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

33
Q

Inferior Pancreaticoduodenal Artery

A

from superior mesenteric a

supplies head of pancreas and distal duodenum

34
Q

Middle Colic Artery

A

from superior mesenteric a

supplies proximal 2/3 of transverse colon

35
Q

Right Colic Artery

A

from superior mesenteric a

supplies ascending colon and beginning of transverse colon

36
Q

Ileocolic Artery

A

from superior mesenteric a

supplies terminal ileum, cecum, appendix, beginning of ascending colon

37
Q

Intestinal (Jejunal and Ileal) Arteries

A

from superior mesenteric a

form arterial arcades that form straight arteries that supply intestinal wall

38
Q

Inferior Mesenteric Artery

A

From Aorta

supplies distal 1/3 of transverse colon, sigmoid, rectum, upper half of anal canal

39
Q

Left Colic Artery

A

from Inferior mesenteric a

supplies distal 1/3 of transverse colon and descending colon

40
Q

Sigmoid Arteries

A

from Inferior mesenteric a

supplies sigmoid colon

41
Q

Superior Rectal Artery

A

from Inferior mesenteric a

Supplies rectum and upper half of anal canal

Gross Anatomy (30 decks)

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