Organisms to Ecosystems Exam 6

Question 1

Is one of the globes major ecosystem types, classified. according to. thee predominant vegetation (for terrestrial biomes) and the physical environment (for aquatic biomes) present.

Answer 1

Biome

Question 2

________ are also characterized by the adaptations of organisms to that particular environment.

Answer 2

Biomes

Question 3

Global _____ has a major influence on the distribution of terrestrial biomes.

Answer 3

Climate

Question 4

The long term, major weather conditions in an area.

Answer 4

Climate

Question 5

Major components of _____ include four ______ factors.

Answer 5

-climate
-abiotic

Question 6

What are the four abiotic factors?

Answer 6

1. Temperature
2. Precipitation
3. Sunlight
4. Wind

Question 7

What are the directional prevailing winds?

Answer 7

-“Easterlies” in the tropics from east to west
-“Westerlies” in temperate zones from west to east

Question 8

A ________ plots the annual mean temperature and precipitation for a particular region.

Answer 8

climograph

Question 9

Near the Equator; high temps with low seasonality; high rainfall; broadleaf evergreen or deciduous trees; highest animal diversity.

Answer 9

Tropical forests

Question 10

Near Equator; high temps with more seasonality; low rainfall; scattered trees; grasses; forms; fire adapted.

Answer 10

Savannas

Question 11

Midlatitude coasts; cold temps. with hot summers; low rainfall with high seasonality; small tres and fire-adapted shrubs.

Answer 11

Chaparral

Question 12

The Arctic and very high mountaintops; very low temps; low to moderate precipitation; mosses; grasses; forms; lichens.

Answer 12

Tundra

Question 13

Midlatitudes; cold winters and hot, humid summers; moderate precipitation all year; deciduous trees in N. America.

Answer 13

Temperate broadleaf forests

Question 14

What are the three terrestrial biomes common in NM?

Answer 14

-Temperate grasslands
-Deserts
-Northern coniferous forests

Question 15

An area of integration between biomes

Answer 15

Ecotone

Question 16

The largest biome, covering 75% of Earths surface

Answer 16

Oceans

Question 17

Zonation of aquatic biomes: sufficient light for photosynthesis

Answer 17

Photic zone

Question 18

Zonation of aquatic biomes: little light can penetrate

Answer 18

Aphotic zone

Question 19

Zonation of aquatic biomes: open water column

Answer 19

Pelagic zone

Question 20

Zonation of aquatic biomes: on the bottom including organic and inorganic sediments and the benthos.

Answer 20

Benthic zone

Question 21

Community of organisms in the benthic zone

Answer 21

Benthos

Question 22

Zonation of aquatic biomes: near shore

Answer 22

Littoral zone

Question 23

Zonation of aquatic biomes: away from shore

Answer 23

Limnetic zone

Question 24

The transition zone between rivers and the ocean.

Answer 24

Estuary

Question 25

A narrow layer of abrupt temperature change that separates warm, upper layer from cold, deep water.

Answer 25

Thermocline

Question 26

Nutrient-poor and oxygen-rich

Answer 26

Oligotrophic lakes

Question 27

Nutrient-rich and oxygen-poor

Answer 27

Eutrophic lakes

Question 28

The collection of microorganisms living in and on the body.

Answer 28

Microbiome

Question 29

__________ can differ based on diet, disease, age, host, environment, host phylogeny, and body region (microclimate).

Answer 29

Microbiomes