Biology Exam 5 Flashcards
Where does Mitosis occur?
In sexual reproducing organisms
Meiosis is needed for what?
Sexual reproduction
Functions of Mitosis?
replace cells in the renew/repair process
helps with growth
development of a zygote
Functions of Meiosis?
Produce gamete cells
sperm or egg
Goal of Mitosis?
Create somatic body cells
create 2 new genetically identical diploid cells
mom and dad cells
46
Goals of Meiosis?
To create 4 or 1 haploid cells
genetically distinct
copy of every chromosome from mom or dad and is combined
Number of Chromosomes made in Mitosis
46
one from each parent
Number of Chromosomes made in Meiosis
23 halfs
Location where Mitosis occurs
Body cells all over the body
Location where Meiosis occurs
In the testis and ovaries
What happens in Meiosis and not Mitosis
Crossing over
If an egg had 24 chromosome, an extra one on chromosome 21 and a sperm with 23 what would it be?
Down syndrome
Where does a cell replicate its DNA?
At the end of S phase
Where does a cell continue to grow to prepare for division?
G2
What happens in M phase of cell cycle?
Cell stops growing and divides for Meiosis and Mitosis
Metaphase
When the chromosomes align and attach and line up in the middle of cell so they can be split
Interphase
DNA replicate and get ready to split
Prophase
Chromosomes form and start spreading
Anaphase
They are pulled to the walls
Telophase
Last part when the cells split
In DNA nitrogenous bases are held together by what?
Hydrogen Bonds
Goal of Mitosis
To create 2 identical diploid somatic cells
What does DNA replication result in?
DNA
Genes code for what?
Proteins
Vinblastin and Taxol are what and affect what
Chemotherapy medications
Stop the mitotic spinal from turning
The 2 DNA strands in double helix are ________ to each other?
Perpendicular
Parallel
Antiparallel
Why?
Anitparallel
because they run in opposite directions in a 5’ to 3’ direction
Cancer occurs in what cell reproduction?
Mitosis
Transcription and Translation occur in what parts of the cell cycle?
G1 and G2
Where does Transcription occur?
Nucleus
Where does Translation occur?
Cytoplasm
What is required for Translation?
A Ribosomes
A in RNA pair with ___and ___
u and t depending on where
AT
UA