ORGANIC COMPOUNDS Flashcards
Carbon Atom (#) - 1
Root Name
Molecular Formula
Meth
CH4
Carbon Atom (#) - 2
Root Name
Molecular Formula
Eth
C2H6
Carbon Atom (#) - 4
Root Name
Molecular Formula
But
C4H10
Carbon Atom (#) - 4
Root Name
Molecular Formula
Pent
C5H12
Carbon Atom (#) - 6
Root Name
Molecular Formula
Hex
C6H14
Carbon Atom (#) - 7
Root Name
Molecular Formula
Hept
C7H16
Carbon Atom (#) - 8
Root Name
Molecular Formula
Oct
C8H18
Carbon Atom (#) - 9
Root Name
Molecular Formula
Non
C9H20
Carbon Atom (#) - 10
Root Name
Molecular Formula
Dec
C10H22
Single C-C bond
Alkane
Double C=C bond
Alkene
TYPES OF COMPOUND
▰ ALKANES, ALKENES, AND ALKYNES
▰ COMPLEX ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
ORGANIC COMPOUNDS
TWO GENERAL CLASSIFICATIONS
- HYDROCARBONS
- SUBSTITUTED HYDROCARBONS
- CONTAIN ONLY CARBON AND HYDROGEN
HYDROCARBONS
- CONTAIN A BENZENE RING OR A DERIVATIVE OF THE BENZENE RING
AROMATIC HYDROCARBONS
- NO BENZENE RINGS OR A DERIVATIVE OF THE BENZENE RING
- ALKANES, ALKENES, AND ALKYNES
ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBONS
2 types of Hydrocarbons
Aliphatic
Aromatic
– contain single C-H bond
Saturated
– contain 2 or more C-H bond
Unsaturated
– contain only single bond (ethane)
Alkanes
– contain at least one double bond (ethene)
Alkenes
– contain at least one triple bond (ethyne)
Alkynes
- WHICH ONE OR MORE HYDROGEN ATOMS IS REPLACED BY ANOTHER ATOM OR GROUP OF ATOMS
SUBSTITUTED HYDROCARBONS
- IS AN ATOM OR GROUP OF ATOMS ARRANGED IN A
PARTICULAR WAY THAT IS PRIMARILY RESPONSIBLE FOR THE CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MOLECULE IN WHICH IT IS FOUND
FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
COMMON FUNCTIONAL GROUPS
▰ CARBON-OXYGEN GROUP
▰ CARBON-SULFUR GROUP
▰ CARBON-NITROGEN GROUP
▰ ESTERS AND AMINES
CARBON-OXYGEN GROUP
▰ ALCOHOL
▰ ALDEHYDE
▰ KETONE
▰ CARBOXYLIC ACID
▰ ACID ANHYDRIDE
▰ ETHER
CARBON-SULFUR GROUP
▰ SULFHYDRYL
▰ DISULFIDE
CARBON-NITROGEN GROUP
▰ AMINO
▰ QUATERNARY
ESTERS AND AMINE
▰ THIOESTER
▰ PHOSPHOESTER
▰ ESTER
▰ AMIDE
