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BioChem Lec > INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEMISTRY > Flashcards

INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEMISTRY Flashcards

1
Q

DEALS WITH THE STUDY OF THE CHEMISTRY OF LIVING ORGANISMS

A

BIOCHEMISTRY

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2
Q

IT IS THE APPLICATION OF CHEMISTRY TO THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AT THE CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LEVEL

A

BIOCHEMISTRY

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3
Q

HAS BECOME THE FOUNDATION FOR UNDERSTANDING ALL BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES

A

BIOCHEMISTRY

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4
Q

IT HAS PROVIDED EXPLANATIONS FOR THE CAUSES OF MANY DISEASES IN HUMANS, ANIMALS AND PLANTS

A

BIOCHEMISTRY

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5
Q

▰ CONCERNED WITH THE PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES UNDERLYING
▰ DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, CIRCULATION, RESPIRATION, METABOLISM, GROWTH, AND
REPRODUCTION

A

BIOCHEMISTRY

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5
Q
A

BIOCHEMISTRY

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6
Q

BIOCHEMISTRY IS THE APPLICATION OF CHEMISTRY TO THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AT
THE _______ AND _______ LEVEL

A

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LEVEL

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7
Q

2 TYPES OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

A

▰ PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
▰ PATHOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

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7
Q

(NORMAL PROCESSES)
(ABNORMAL PROCESSES)

A

▰ PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
▰ PATHOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

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8
Q

BIOCHEMISTRY IS CONCERNED WITH THE PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES UNDERLYING

A

DIGESTION
ABSORPTION
CIRCULATION
RESPIRATION
METABOLISM
GROWTH
REPRODUCTION

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9
Q

FOUR MAJOR CLASSES OF BIOMOLECULES

A

▰ PROTEINS
▰ NUCLEIC ACIDS
▰ CARBOHYDRATES
▰ LIPIDS

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10
Q

– SWEDISH FOUNDER OF BIOCHEMISTRY WHO STUDIED THE CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION OF MATTER IN MID 1700

A

KARL SCHEELE

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11
Q

– FORMULATED THE CELL THEORY IN 1840

A

SCHLEIDEN & SCHWANN

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12
Q

– DISCOVERED CHROMOSOMES IN 1875

A

WALTHER FLEMMING

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13
Q

– PROPOSED THE KREB CYCLE OF THE TCA IN 1937.

A

HANS KREB

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14
Q

– A GERMAN SCIENTIST WHO COINED THE WORD BIOCHEMISTRY

A

CARL NEWBERG

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15
Q

– DESCRIBED THE GLYCOLYTIC PATHWAY IN 1925.

A

EMBDEN & MAYERHOFF

16
Q

WHY STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY?

A

▰ TO DESCRIBE AND EXPLAIN IN MOLECULAR TERMS ALL CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF LIVING CELLS.
▰ KNOWLEDGE IN BIOCHEMISTRY IS ESSENTIAL TO ALL LIFE SCIENCES
▰ A RECIPROCAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MEDICINE HAS STIMULATED MUTUAL ADVANCES
▰ NORMAL BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES ARE THE BASIS OF HEALTH
▰ BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH HAS IMPACT ON NUTRITION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

17
Q

T OR F | MOST & PERHAPS ALL DISEASES HAVE A BIOCHEMICAL BASIS

A

TRUE

18
Q

TWO WAY STREET

Nucleic Acids

A

Genetic diseases

19
Q

TWO WAY STREET

Proteins

A

Sickle cell disease

19
Q

TWO WAY STREET

Lipids

A

Atherosclerosis

20
Q

TWO WAY STREET

Carbohydrates

A

Diabetes Mellitus

21
Q

MAJOR CAUSES OF DISEASES (PCBGOINE)

A

Physical Agents
Chemical Agents
Biologic Agents
Genetis Disease
Oxygen Lack
Immunologic Reactions
Nutritional Imbalances
Endocrine Imbalances

22
Q

▰ TOXIC COMPOUNDS, DRUGS

A

CHEMICAL AGENTS

22
Q

▰ MECHANICAL TRAUMA, TEMPERATURE EXTREMES, RADIATION, ELECTRIC SHOCK

A

PHYSICAL AGENTS

23
Q

– DESCRIBED THE DOUBLE HELICAL STRUCTURE OF DNA IN 1953

A

JAMES WATSON & FRANCIS CRICK

23
Q

▰ VIRUSES, BACTERIA, FUNGI, PARASITES

A

BIOLOGIC AGENTS

24
Q

▰ LOSS OF BLOOD, DECREASED OXYGEN-CARRYING CAPACITY OF BLOOD, MITOCHONDRIAL POISONING

A

OXYGEN LACK

25
Q

▰ ANAPHYLAXIS, AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS

A

IMMUNOLOGIC REACT IONS

26
Q

▰ DEFICIENCIES, EXCESSES

A

NUT RIT IONAL IMBALANCES

27
Q

▰ HORMONAL DEFICIENCIES/EXCESSES

A

ENDOCRINE IMBALANCES

28
Q

ARE MOLECULES FOUND IN LIVING MATTER.

A

BIOMOLECULES

29
Q

TWO BROAD TYPES OF BIOMOLECULES:

A

SMALL MOLECULES AND MACROMOLECULES

30
Q

IMPORTANCE OF MACROMOLECULES:

A

a. ESSENTIAL STRUCTURES FOR THE BASIS OF LIFE
b. CONTROL AND REGULATE THESE PROCESSES
c. RESPONSIBLE FOR ENERGY EXCHANGES, IRRITABILITY, METABOLISM, MOBILITY AND
REPRODUCTION

31
Q

WHAT ARE THE PRIMORDIAL BIOMOLECULES?

A

Amino Acids
Nitrogenous Bases
Sugars
Sugar Alcohol
Nitrogenous Alcohol
Fatty Acids

32
Q

AMINO ACIDS

A

GLYCINE
ALANINE
SERINE

33
Q

NITROGENOUS BASES

A

PYRIMIDINES
PURINES

34
Q

SUGARS

A

GLUCOSE
GALACTOSE
MANNOSE

35
Q

SUGAR ALCOHOL

A

GLYCEROL

36
Q

NITROGENOUS ALCOHOL

A

CHOLINE

37
Q

FATTY ACIDS

A

PALMITIC ACID
LINOLEIC ACID
LINOLENIC ACID
ARACHIDONIC ACID

BioChem Lec (15 decks)

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