INTRODUCTION TO BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 1

DEALS WITH THE STUDY OF THE CHEMISTRY OF LIVING ORGANISMS

Answer 1

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 2

IT IS THE APPLICATION OF CHEMISTRY TO THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AT THE CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LEVEL

Answer 2

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 3

HAS BECOME THE FOUNDATION FOR UNDERSTANDING ALL BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES

Answer 3

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 4

IT HAS PROVIDED EXPLANATIONS FOR THE CAUSES OF MANY DISEASES IN HUMANS, ANIMALS AND PLANTS

Answer 4

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 5

▰ CONCERNED WITH THE PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES UNDERLYING
▰ DIGESTION, ABSORPTION, CIRCULATION, RESPIRATION, METABOLISM, GROWTH, AND
REPRODUCTION

Answer 5

BIOCHEMISTRY

Answer 5

BIOCHEMISTRY

Question 6

BIOCHEMISTRY IS THE APPLICATION OF CHEMISTRY TO THE STUDY OF BIOLOGICAL PROCESSES AT
THE _______ AND _______ LEVEL

Answer 6

CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR LEVEL

Question 7

2 TYPES OF CLINICAL BIOCHEMISTRY

Answer 7

▰ PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
▰ PATHOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Question 7

(NORMAL PROCESSES)
(ABNORMAL PROCESSES)

Answer 7

▰ PHYSIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
▰ PATHOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY

Question 8

BIOCHEMISTRY IS CONCERNED WITH THE PHYSIO-CHEMICAL PROCESSES UNDERLYING

Answer 8

DIGESTION
ABSORPTION
CIRCULATION
RESPIRATION
METABOLISM
GROWTH
REPRODUCTION

Question 9

FOUR MAJOR CLASSES OF BIOMOLECULES

Answer 9

▰ PROTEINS
▰ NUCLEIC ACIDS
▰ CARBOHYDRATES
▰ LIPIDS

Question 10

– SWEDISH FOUNDER OF BIOCHEMISTRY WHO STUDIED THE CHEMICAL
COMPOSITION OF MATTER IN MID 1700

Answer 10

KARL SCHEELE

Question 11

– FORMULATED THE CELL THEORY IN 1840

Answer 11

SCHLEIDEN & SCHWANN

Question 12

– DISCOVERED CHROMOSOMES IN 1875

Answer 12

WALTHER FLEMMING

Question 13

– PROPOSED THE KREB CYCLE OF THE TCA IN 1937.

Answer 13

HANS KREB

Question 14

– A GERMAN SCIENTIST WHO COINED THE WORD BIOCHEMISTRY

Answer 14

CARL NEWBERG

Question 15

– DESCRIBED THE GLYCOLYTIC PATHWAY IN 1925.

Answer 15

EMBDEN & MAYERHOFF

Question 16

WHY STUDY BIOCHEMISTRY?

Answer 16

▰ TO DESCRIBE AND EXPLAIN IN MOLECULAR TERMS ALL CHEMICAL PROCESSES OF LIVING CELLS.
▰ KNOWLEDGE IN BIOCHEMISTRY IS ESSENTIAL TO ALL LIFE SCIENCES
▰ A RECIPROCAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MEDICINE HAS STIMULATED MUTUAL ADVANCES
▰ NORMAL BIOCHEMICAL PROCESSES ARE THE BASIS OF HEALTH
▰ BIOCHEMICAL RESEARCH HAS IMPACT ON NUTRITION AND PREVENTIVE MEDICINE

Question 17

T OR F | MOST & PERHAPS ALL DISEASES HAVE A BIOCHEMICAL BASIS

Answer 17

TRUE

Question 18

TWO WAY STREET

Nucleic Acids

Answer 18

Genetic diseases

Question 19

TWO WAY STREET

Proteins

Answer 19

Sickle cell disease

Question 19

TWO WAY STREET

Lipids

Answer 19

Atherosclerosis

Question 20

TWO WAY STREET

Carbohydrates

Answer 20

Diabetes Mellitus

Question 21

MAJOR CAUSES OF DISEASES (PCBGOINE)

Answer 21

Physical Agents
Chemical Agents
Biologic Agents
Genetis Disease
Oxygen Lack
Immunologic Reactions
Nutritional Imbalances
Endocrine Imbalances

Question 22

▰ TOXIC COMPOUNDS, DRUGS

Answer 22

CHEMICAL AGENTS

Question 22

▰ MECHANICAL TRAUMA, TEMPERATURE EXTREMES, RADIATION, ELECTRIC SHOCK

Answer 22

PHYSICAL AGENTS

Question 23

– DESCRIBED THE DOUBLE HELICAL STRUCTURE OF DNA IN 1953

Answer 23

JAMES WATSON & FRANCIS CRICK

Question 23

▰ VIRUSES, BACTERIA, FUNGI, PARASITES

Answer 23

BIOLOGIC AGENTS

Question 24

▰ LOSS OF BLOOD, DECREASED OXYGEN-CARRYING CAPACITY OF BLOOD, MITOCHONDRIAL POISONING

Answer 24

OXYGEN LACK

Question 25

▰ ANAPHYLAXIS, AUTOIMMUNE DISORDERS

Answer 25

IMMUNOLOGIC REACT IONS

Question 26

▰ DEFICIENCIES, EXCESSES

Answer 26

NUT RIT IONAL IMBALANCES

Question 27

▰ HORMONAL DEFICIENCIES/EXCESSES

Answer 27

ENDOCRINE IMBALANCES

Question 28

ARE MOLECULES FOUND IN LIVING MATTER.

Answer 28

BIOMOLECULES

Question 29

TWO BROAD TYPES OF BIOMOLECULES:

Answer 29

SMALL MOLECULES AND MACROMOLECULES

Question 30

IMPORTANCE OF MACROMOLECULES:

Answer 30

a. ESSENTIAL STRUCTURES FOR THE BASIS OF LIFE b. CONTROL AND REGULATE THESE PROCESSES c. RESPONSIBLE FOR ENERGY EXCHANGES, IRRITABILITY, METABOLISM, MOBILITY AND REPRODUCTION

Question 31

WHAT ARE THE PRIMORDIAL BIOMOLECULES?

Answer 31

Amino Acids Nitrogenous Bases Sugars Sugar Alcohol Nitrogenous Alcohol Fatty Acids

Question 32

AMINO ACIDS

Answer 32

GLYCINE ALANINE SERINE

Question 33

NITROGENOUS BASES

Answer 33

PYRIMIDINES PURINES

Question 34

SUGARS

Answer 34

GLUCOSE GALACTOSE MANNOSE

Question 35

SUGAR ALCOHOL

Answer 35

GLYCEROL

Question 36

NITROGENOUS ALCOHOL

Answer 36

CHOLINE

Question 37

FATTY ACIDS

Answer 37

PALMITIC ACID LINOLEIC ACID LINOLENIC ACID ARACHIDONIC ACID