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BioChem Lec > Clinical Reactions > Flashcards

Clinical Reactions Flashcards

1
Q

CHEMICAL REACTIONS OCCURRING IN LIVING MATTER (IN VIVO)

A

▰ OXIDATION
▰ REDUCTION
▰ HYDROLYSIS
▰ CONDENSATION
▰ TAUTOMERISM

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2
Q

▰ IS THE PROCESS WHEREIN MOST OF THE ENERGY LIBERATED BY LIVING MATTER IS DERIVED FROM THE OXIDATION OF ORGANIC SUBSTANCES SUCH AS CARBOHYDRATES, FATS AND PROTEINS

A

OXIDATION

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3
Q

▰ TWO KINDS OF OXIDATION:

A

▰ ANAEROBIC OXIDATION AND AEROBIC OXIDATION

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4
Q

▰ OXIDATION THAT TAKES PLACE IN THE PRESENCE OF FREE OXYGEN

A

AEROBIC OXIDATION

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5
Q

▰ OXIDATION THE OCCURS IN THE ABSENCE OF FREE OXYGEN

A

ANAEROBIC OXIDATION

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6
Q

THE SUBSTANCE UNDERGOES OXIDATION EITHER BY A LOSS OF HYDROGEN, AS IN THE OXIDATION OF LACTIC ACID TO PYRUVIC ACID

A

ANAEROBIC OXIDATION

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7
Q

▰ IS THE REVERSE OF OXIDATION

A

REDUCTION

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7
Q

▰ IT MAY BE BROUGHT ABOUT BY EITHER BY LOSS OF OXYGEN OR BY GAIN OF HYDROGEN OR ELECTRONS.

A

REDUCTION

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8
Q

WHENEVER OXIDATION OCCURS THERE IS A SIMULTANEOUS AND CORRESPONDING _______.

A

REDUCTION

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9
Q

ALL FOODS AND ORGANIC SUBSTANCES HAVE THE PROPERTY OF TAKING UP OXYGEN, HENCE THEY ARE _______ AGENTS.

A

REDUCING

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10
Q

Substance oxidized

A

Reducing agent

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11
Q

Substance reduced

A

Oxidizing agent

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12
Q

Gain of electrons

Loss of oxygen
Gain of hydrogen

A

Reductions

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13
Q

▰ IS A CHEMICAL PROCESS IN WHICH A MOLECULE OF WATER IS ADDED TO A SUBSTANCE

A

HYDROLYSIS

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14
Q

▰ SOMETIMES THIS ADDITION CAUSES BOTH SUBSTANCE AND WATER MOLECULE TO SPLIT INTO TWO PARTS

A

HYDROLYSIS

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15
Q

THROUGH _______, LARGE MOLECULES ARE BROKEN DOWN INTO SMALLER AND SIMPLER FORMS

A

HYDROLYSIS

16
Q

▰ IS THE REACTION WHEREIN SIMPLE FRAGMENTS UNITE WITH ONE ANOTHER TO FORM A MORE COMPLEX COMPOUND

A

CONDENSATION

17
Q

THE SYNTHESIS OF COMPLEX SUBSTANCES LIKE GLYCOGEN AND TISSUE PROTEIN IS ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH THIS PROCESS

A

CONDENSATION

18
Q

▰ EXAMPLE: TRANSFORMATION OF GLUCOSE INTO GALACTOSE; GALACTOSE INTO MANNOSE

A

TAUTOMERISM

19
Q

HYDROPHOBIC

A

ALKANES, OILS, AND FATS

19
Q

▰ REFERS TO A PHYSICAL PROPERTY OF A MOLECULE THAT CAN TRANSIENTLY BOND WITH WATER (H2O) THROUGH HYDROGEN BONDING

A

HYDROPHILIC

20
Q

▰ REFERS TO THE PHYSICAL PROPERTY OF A MOLECULE THAT IS REPELLED FROM A MASS OF WATER

A

HYDROPHOBIC

21
Q

CHEMICAL BONDS

A

▰ IONIC BONDING
▰ COVALENT BONDING
▰ HYDROGEN BONDING

22
Q

▰ INVOLVES A TRANSFER OF ONE OR MORE ELECTRONS FROM ONE ATOM TO ANOTHER, LEADING TO THE FORMATION OF AN IONIC BOND

A

IONIC BONDING

23
Q

▰ INVOLVES A SHARING PAIRS OF ELECTRONS BETWEEN ATOMS

A

COVALENT BONDING

24
Q

▰ HYDROGEN ATOM IS BONDED TO A SMALL, HIGHLY ELECTRONEGATIVE ATOM

A

HYDROGEN BONDING

BioChem Lec (15 decks)

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