Organelle Flashcards
1
Q
Ribosomes
A
- Made of protein and RNA
- Sites of protein synthesis
- Found at 2 locations
- Free in the cytoplasm
- As part of the rough endoplasmic reticulum
2
Q
Endoplasmic Reticulum
A
- Fluid-filled tubules for carrying substances
- Two types of ER
- Rough ER -Studded w/ Ribosomes
- Synthesizes protein
- Smooth endoplasmic reticulum -Functions in lipid metabolism and detoxification of drugs and pesticides
3
Q
Golgi Aparatus
A
- Modifies and packages proteins
- Produces different types of packages
- Secretory vesicles- gland
- Cell membrane components
- Lysosomes
4
Q
Lysosomes
A
-Contain enzymes that digest worn-out or non-usable materials within the cell
5
Q
Peroxisomes
A
- Membranous sacs of oxidase enzymes
- Detoxify harmful substances such as alcohol and formaldehyde
- Break down free radicals (highly reactive chemicals)
- Replicate by pinching in half
6
Q
Centrioles
A
- Rod-shaped bodies
- Direct the formation of mitotic spindle during cell division
7
Q
Mitochondria
A
- “Powerhouse of the Cell”
- Change shape continuously
- Carry out reactions where oxygen is used to break down food
- Provides ATP fo cellular energy
8
Q
Inclusions
A
-Chemical substances such as stored nutrients or cell products
9
Q
Cytoplasm
A
-mostly water: good for transporting things around the cell
10
Q
Nucleoplasm
A
-The nuclear substance containing chromatin and RNA
11
Q
Nuclear Membrane
A
- Porous
- regulate passages of molecules into and from the nucleus
12
Q
Vacuole
A
-Membrane-lined transport vehicles that can merge with one-another or other membrane-lined structures
13
Q
Endocytosis vs Exocytosis
A
- Something enters the cell= endocytosis
- Something exits the cell= exocytosis
14
Q
Microtubule and Microfilament
A
- Provides the cell with internal framework
- Microtubule: Provide structural and motive support for organelles
- Microfilament: Actin filaments involved in membrane alteration for endo- and exocytosis
15
Q
Cell membrane
A
- protects the cell
- Lets certain things enter and exit
16
Q
Nucleolus
A
- Contains genetic material (DNA)
- Site of protein synthesis
17
Q
Chromatin
A
-in the nucleoplasm
- Composed of DNA and protein
- Present when the cell is not dividing
- Scattered throughout the nucleus
- Condenses to for chromosomes when the cell divides
