Oral Hyperglycaemic Drugs

Question 1

DMII can’t have what after a meal?

Answer 1

insulin burst

Question 2

First DM2 drugs were?

Answer 2

sulphonamide drugs

Question 3

Mechanism of Sulphonylureas?

Answer 3

Inhibit K-ATP channel to cause insulin secretion

Question 4

Sulphonylureas preg? excretion?

Answer 4

Not in preg

excreted in kidney

Question 5

Sulphonylureas weight gain or loss?

Answer 5

gain

Question 6

3 actions of insulin

Answer 6

GLUT 4
PI3-kinase
SHC

Question 7

What is Guanidine?

Answer 7

from french lilac later isolated and medicinalized to Biguanides

Question 8

What is the most used Biguanides?

Answer 8

Metformin

Question 9

4 Metformin actions:

Answer 9

1. increase glucose uptake
2. reduce hepatic glucose production
3. decrease carb absorption
4. reduce LDL

Question 10

What is Metformin’s MOA?

Answer 10

activate AMP kinase

Question 11

Sulphonylureas weight gain or loss?

Answer 11

some loss

Question 12

Metformin contraindication?

Answer 12

impaired renal function?

Question 13

Metformin is a?

Answer 13

Biguanide

Question 14

What drugs stims insulin?

Answer 14

Sulfonylureas

meglitinides

Question 15

What drugs sensitize body to insulin?

Answer 15

Biguanides

thiazolidinediones

Question 16

Acarbose is a what?

Answer 16

alpha-glucosidase inhibitor

Question 17

What does Acarbose do?

Answer 17

work in GI

block starch absorption

Question 18

Side effect of Acarbose?

Answer 18

flatulence, abdo pain

Question 19

What is sitagliptin? what do the ‘gliptins’ do?

Answer 19

DPP-4 inhibitors, prevent break down of native GLP-1 to increase insulin and decrease glucagon

Question 20

Exnatide is what kind of drug?

Answer 20

GLP-1 receptor agonist S.C. injection

Question 21

What are sodium glucose cotransporter 2 SGLT2 inhibitors for?

Answer 21

drugs that slow renal glucose reabsorption

Question 22

DMII treatment flow chart?

Answer 22

Dx > lifestyle > monotherapy > combo therapy > combotherapy with insulin