Carbohydrates Flashcards
Fibre important for what 2 things?
diverticulosis and haemorrhoids
most abundant source of energy?
glucose
fiber and colon cancer:
not protective
Why have a low glycaemic index diet?
avoid high peak glucose levels, less insulin resistance
what is dextrose?
Glucose
Draw alpha D-glucopyranose
.
Which organs have glucose-6-pase?
liver and kidney to release free glucose
Where is Glut 2?
liver and kidney
what happens when liver is full with glycogen?
shunted into fatty acids
glycogen reactive?
chemically inert
what do you need to synthesize glycogen?
glucose-6-phosphate
Glycogen response to adrenaline?
rapidly digested and mobilized
What is Pompes Disease?
lysosomes engorged with glycogen because of lack of a-1,4-glucosidase
What does cyclic AMP do in glycogen fasting/flight?
secondary messenger and a force multiplier
Plant polysaccharides are what kind of glucose?
B1-4 linked D-glucose
what is non-starch polysaccharides?
cellulose or fibre
Changes over diet in last 5000 years
more sodium
more fat
not enough calcium/fibre
Hypertension in hunter gatherers?
Nope
white bread is mainly what part of wheat?
endosperm
whole grain bread includes what part of wheat?
husk, bran
what is beriberi?
thiamine deficiency
fibre does what in stomach and small intestine?
slows in stomach
speeds up in small intestine
dental caries when pH <_____
5.5 from sugars metabolised into acids by bacteria
gut transit time better if faster or slow?
better is faster with fibre
