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Jason's Metabolism Block > Glucose > Flashcards

Glucose Flashcards

0
Q

NADH make how many kj/mol

A

220

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1
Q

ATP is how many kJ/mol?

A

30.5

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2
Q

Anaerobic metabolism of glucose makes how many ATP vs. aerobic?

A

Anaerobic: 2ATP
Aerobic: 32 ATP

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3
Q

Glucose is Aldose or ketose?

A

Aldose

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4
Q

Fructose is Aldose or ketose?

A

Ketose

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5
Q

Galactose is Aldose or ketose?

A

Aldose

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6
Q

GLUT 1 transporter is where?

A

universal

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7
Q

GLUT-2 important for?

A

liver and pancreas

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8
Q

GLUT 4 is where?

A

muscle and adipose

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9
Q

What GLUT is key to diabetic rise in glucose? why?

A

decreased insulin response, GLUT 4 doesn’t uptake glucose

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10
Q

Anaerobic glycolysis produces what?

A

lactate

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11
Q

Red Cells have mitochondria?

A

Nope.

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12
Q

Red cells aerobes?

A

Obligate Anaerobes

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13
Q

Gluconeogenesis generates glucose from?

A

glycerol

aminoacids

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14
Q

High fructose correlated with?

A

obsesity

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15
Q

Change in free energy for ATP hydrolysis?

A

-30.5kJ/mol

16
Q

1,3 bisphosphoglycerate
phosphoenolpyruvate
creatine
all have in common?

A

high-energy compounds

17
Q

NADH is storage molecule for most e- which equals?

A

reducing

18
Q

Aldotriose vs. ketotriose?

A

ketotriose has C=O in middle

19
Q

If too much glucose in vessels, what happens?

A

glycated blood vessels: prone to clots, decrease circulation

20
Q

How does body deal with glucose damage?

A

Replace enzymes every 3 days

replace RBCs every 120 days

21
Q

How does high glucose affect vision?

A

weak vessels

aneurysms
hemorrhage

22
Q

how to measure blood glucose on RBCs?

A

Hb A1C

23
Q

Body uses D or L glucose?

A

D-glucose

24
Q

What is special about GLUT 4?

A

It migrates to cell membrane in response to insulin to allow cell uptake of glucose

25
Q

does muscle have glucose-6-pase?

A

Nope only liver and kidney

27
Q

Glycolysis makes what two energy rich molecules?

A

ATP and NADH

28
Q

What is the Cory Cycle?

A

switching carbons between glycogen in muscle through lactate and back to glucose in liver

29
Q

What tissues relies on anaerobic glycolysis?

A

Retina

Red Cells

30
Q

3 sources for gluconeogenesis:

A

Lactate
Amino Acids
Glycerol

31
Q

Are Fatty acids ketogenic or glucogenic?

A

Ketogenic

32
Q

What is Galactosaemia?

A

missing enzyme to change galactose into glucose, in infants who cannot digest mother’s milk

33
Q

fructose has how many carbons?

A

5 carbon ring, furanose

34
Q

Fructose metabolism needs what?

A

aldolase enzyme

35
Q

Fructose is bad why? 2 big reasons

A
  1. does not elicit insulin from pancreas
  2. no leptin from fat cells
  3. does not suppress ghrelin
36
Q

In the liver, glucose turned into? Fructose turned into?

A

Glucose: glycogen
Fructose: fatty acids

Jason's Metabolism Block (17 decks)

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