GI Tract in Obesity

Question 1

What 2 things stimulate hunger? (Orexigenic)

Answer 1

Ghrelin

ILP5

Question 2

what is the ‘master control’ for eating in the brain?

Answer 2

Arcuate Nucleus

Question 3

2 things in Arcuate Nucleus stim appetite:

Answer 3

NPY

AGRP

Question 4

What 5 things decrease hunger?

Answer 4

Uroguanylin
CCK
PYY
GLP-1
Oxyntomodulin

Question 5

Ghrelin made where?

Answer 5

Stomach

Question 6

What does Ghrelin do to Leptin? where?

Answer 6

antagonizes leptin via hypothalamic Y/Y1 receptor

Question 7

Ghrelin binds to what receptor?

Answer 7

NPY Y1 receptor

Question 8

When does Ghrelin rise?

Answer 8

Preprandial

Question 9

ILP-5 made where? what does it do?

Answer 9

colon

increases appetite

Question 10

If you inhibit NPY Y1 receptor, what does it do to Ghrelin?

Answer 10

Can’t bind = decrease appetite

Question 11

ILP-5 or ghrelin more powerful?

Answer 11

ghrelin

Question 12

CCK secreted from?

Answer 12

I cells of small intestine

Question 13

CCK’s role in digestion?

Answer 13

gall bladder and pancreas stim

Question 14

How does CCK decrease appetite?

Answer 14

CCK1R on vagus nerve

Question 15

PYY made where?

Answer 15

Distal GI by L-cells

Question 16

PYY binds to?

Answer 16

Y2 receptor

Question 17

Oxyntomodulin from which cells?

Answer 17

L-cells

Question 18

Oxyntomodulin affects via? deactivated by?

Answer 18

affects via GLP-1

inactivated by DPP-4

Question 19

Oxyntomodulin or GLP-1 more potent?

Answer 19

Oxyntomodulin

Question 20

L-Cells of intestine release:

Answer 20

1. Oxyntomodulin
2. PYY
3. GLP-1

Question 21

PYY and Oxyntomodulin together?

Answer 21

can be additive

Question 22

GIP is released from?

Answer 22

duodenal K-cells

Question 23

GIP is an?

Answer 23

Incretin

Question 24

GIP does what?

Answer 24

activate lipoprotein lipase to clear fat from circulation

Question 25

GLP-1 is an? effects?

Answer 25

Incretin decrease appetite promotes satiety

Question 26

What is liraglutide?

Answer 26

drug for DMII and GLP-1 (incretin mimetic)

Question 27

Uroguanylin does what?

Answer 27

decrease appetite

Question 28

How do gut hormones affect weight?

Answer 28

They defend against weight loss

Question 29

What happens if you give germ free mice microbiota?

Answer 29

Gain more fat than either germ free or naturally acquired microbiota mice

Question 30

MIcrobiota does 2 things to contribute to our fat stores:

Answer 30

1. process dietary polysaccharides | 2. supress FIAF (fasting induced adipocyte factor)