Oral Functions 2 - Senses Flashcards
What would the patient complain of if the inferior alveolar nerve was penetrated during an ID block?
That they felt the prick of the needle on their lip.
What responses are activated in gagging?
Mostly mechanical - some chemical
In the gaging reflex what nerves have an efferent motor response?
Hypoglossal Glossopharyngeal Vagus Trigeminal Accessory
Apart from efferent motor nerve responses what other nerves are activated in gagging?
Secretory nerves from salivary glands
What are methods to reduce gagging whilst taking impressions?
Distraction techniques
Breathing exercises through the nose - also distraction
Take upper impression from behind the patient
Use a fast setting mix
Tilt the chin down
What is Bell’s Palsy?
Facial paralysis to 1 side of the face that doesn’t have any other associated causes.
What are the symptoms of Bells Palsy?
Inability to; wrinkle forehead Blink puff cheeks lift the corner of the mouth
Drooping eye and mouth
What nerve does Bells Palsy affect?
The facial nerve
List the branches of the facial nerve.
Temporal Zygomatic Buccal Mandibular Cervical
List the causes of Bells palsy.
Trauma
Toxins
Diabetes
Otitis media - inflammation of the middle ear can apply pressure to the facial nerve and cause facial paralysis.
Local Anaesthetic - needle placed too far distally, can inject into the parotid gland and cause temporary paralysis.
Infections - Herpes simplex
How do you manage local anaesthetic induced Bells palsy?
Inform
Apologise
Reassure
Eye patch given until the blinking reflex returns
What is the benefit of retaining roots of teeth which have been decoronated?
Mechanoreceptors of the PDL remain.
What are the roles of mechanoreceptors in the PDL?
Mastication - control mandibular movements
Salivation
Interdental discrimination: Determine food texture and particle size Determine occlusal loading Determine high spots Gauge extent of mouth opening
Apart from the PDL mechanoreceptors; what other receptors are involved in interdental discrimination?
Muscle receptors:
Such as;
Golgi tendon organs
Muscle spindles
Jaw receptors:
which;
Signal joint position
Signal joint movement
What problems arise from implants?
Lack of PDL and mechanoreceptors so the individual cannot recognise forces.
Can lead to fracture of the implant crown.
What is the clinical name for difficulties when swallowing?
Dysphagia
What are the causes of dysphagia?
Tumour MS Brain injury Stroke Gastroovsophagel reflux Lack of saliva
How do you assess a patient for a stroke?
What is an indication of a stroke?
Test sensorial and motor reflexes in both sides of the face.
Ask them to grab both of your fingers.
Stroke:
Unilateral response.
Patient CAN move their forehead/eyebrow
Patient will only be able to grab 1 of your fingers
What must be present for swallowing to occur?
Saliva
What 2 senses are closely related and sometimes confused?
Smell and taste
What sense stimulates the silvery gland?
Smell stimulates the salivary glad
What do smelling disorders have an impact on?
Taste
How can you recognise that the sweet in your mouth is a polo mint?
Compression of sweet on to the hard palate
Memory
2 point discrimination
